9: The Buddha Reflects on the Dhamma – 447
two kinds of Buddha-knowledge destroy all the defilements just as a powerful
missile destroys all enemies.
Both knowledges arose in the heart of the Buddha. By means of them the
Buddha caused the wheel of the Dhamma to turn, caused it to happen. This
wheel is said to be turning up to the moment when Ven. Koṇḍañña and the 180
million Brahmas attained Stream-entry (
Sotāpatti-phala
). That is because the
function of the Wheel did not end till that precise moment. From that moment,
when the first fully-fledged Stream-enterers (
Sotāpatti-phala
) in Koṇḍañña and
the 180 million Brahmas appeared in the world, the Wheel of the Dhamma is
said to have been turned, the kingdom of Dhamma became established. This is
because since the time when the teaching of Buddha Kassapa became extinct, up
to this point under Buddha Gotama, nobody had been able to turn this Wheel
through the above-mentioned two Buddha-knowledges.
154
In the matter of penetration of the four truths, the truth of cessation is
penetrated or perceived through having Nibbāna as the object of mind. The
remaining three truths are perceived in their respective functions. It means that
the four truths are simultaneously revealed at the instant path-knowledge
(
magga-ñāṇa
) dispels bewilderment or ignorance that has concealed the four
truths.
The Characteristics of Non-Self
After the Buddha had established Koṇḍañña in Stream-entry (
Sotāpatti-phala
),
he taught spiritual development to the Group-of-Five ascetics like they were
children. From the first waning day of May (
Vesākha
), he did not go on the alms
round but, instead, remained back to teach them his doctrine. On the first
waning day, and on the second waning day Ven. Vappa and Ven. Bhaddiya
attained Stream-entry (
Sotāpatti-phala
) respectively, both of them being
ordained by the Buddha himself with the summons: “Come, monastic.”
Then the Buddha let Ven. Koṇḍañña, Ven. Vappa and Ven. Bhaddiya to go on
the alms round, and he taught the doctrine to Ven. Mahānāma and Ven. Assaji.
The Buddha and his five disciples sustain themselves on the alms food collected
by the three monastics. Then on the third and fourth waning day of
Vesākha
154
This is according to the Light on the Essence of Meaning (
Sārattha-dīpanī
).