9: The Buddha Reflects on the Dhamma – 435
of Neither-Perception-nor-Non-Perception (
Nevasaññā-nāsaññāyatana
) which
is the fourth of the four formless planes, which is also called Bhavagga.
Thereupon, musing: “It was indeed a great loss for the sect-leader Udaka, son of
Rāma, to miss the opportunity of realising the paths and fruitions which he
deserved. If the sect-leader Udaka could have listened to the Dhamma taught by
me, he would have quickly discerned the four noble truths.”
He again reflected further: “To whom should I teach the Dhamma first? Who
will quickly understand the Dhamma to be taught by me?” Then the Buddha
thought: “The Group of five ascetics (
pañca-vaggiya
) have been very helpful to
me. They stayed with me and attended to my needs when I was practising
austere striving (
dukkara-cariyā
) for six long years in the Uruvelā forest. So, it
would be good if I were to teach the Dhamma first to the Group-of-Five.” On
reflecting, “Where are the five ascetics living at present?” with his super
knowledge of divine sight (
dibba-cakkhu-abhiññā
), he saw them dwelling in the
huge Deer Park also called lsipatana, near Bārāṇasī city.
In this connection, the Buddha took into consideration and reflected on the
services rendered by the Group-of-Five ascetics because he was especially
mindful of the gratitude he owed to them. It was not that he did not want
to teach the Dhamma to those who had not rendered service to him.
After making the intention: “I will proceed to the Deer Park and deliver the
Dhamma Wheel (
Dhamma-cakka
) discourse,” he went round for alms near the
Bodhimaṇḍala and stayed there till the fourteenth day of the waxing moon of
the month of July (
Āsāḷha
), and then on the full moon day of the month, quite
early in the morning, after arranging and carrying his robes and alms bowl and
thinking: “I will proceed to Bārāṇasī city,” he began the journey of eighteen
leagues on foot.
The distance between the Mahā Bodhi and Gayā (
Buddhagaya
) was three
miles. The distance between Mahā Bodhi and Bārāṇasī was eighteen
leagues. The Buddhas of the past travelled to the Deer Park, by the power
of their absorptions, to deliver the
Dhamma Wheel (
Dhamma-cakka
)
discourse. As for our Buddha, he went eighteen leagues on foot, as he
foresaw that an ascetic, Upaka, was soon to become a Non-returner
(
Anāgāmi
) by virtue of his past meritorious deeds. He knew thus: “Upaka is
now travelling the same route. That Upaka will meet me, converse with
me and go on his way. Later on, being weary of the world, he will come
back to me to listen to the Dhamma and become a noble Non-returner