8: The Buddha’s Stay at the Seven Places – 404
cessation of ignorance by not arising through the path of Awakening, the three
kinds of volitions: wholesome, unwholesome and imperturbable, cease by not
arising.” Beginning thus, the Buddha went on contemplating in backward order
the process in which the round of suffering ceased.
Here it should be particularly noted that, though the Buddha had clearly
understood all the doctrines, he contemplated only the doctrine of
dependent origination (
paṭicca-samuppāda
) both in forward and backward
orders because, when he took up insight meditation, he did so by initially
reflecting on this doctrine and also because this doctrine is very subtle,
deep and hard to discern.
When the Buddha repeatedly reflected on this Doctrine in both forward and
backward order, he understood more and more clearly, the process of the arising
of suffering in Saṁsāra in forward order that, on account of the causes, such as
ignorance, there arose volitions and so on. In like manner, the Buddha also
understood the process of the cessation of suffering in backward order, that
because of the cessation of ignorance, and so on, there ceased volitions, and so
on. This led to the continuous appearance in the Buddha of a series of such
mental impulsions that were unprompted and joined with knowledge and
happiness (
somanassa-sahagata-ñāṇa-sampayutta-asaṅkhārika-javana
)
preceded by joy (
pīti
) in the heart.
When a vessel is filled with butter or oil up to its brim, the surplus will overflow;
similarly, when the vessel of the Buddha’s heart was filled with the oil of rapture
preceded
[335]
by the increasingly distinct knowledge of the Dhamma, the
Buddha uttered an exalted utterance (Ud. 1.1) as though it overflowed his heart:
Yadā have pātu-bhavanti dhammā,
ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa;
athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā,
yato pajānāti sahetu-dhammaṁ.
When the 37 constituents of Awakening (
Bodhi-pakkhiya-dhamma
) appear
vividly in the mental continuum of an Arahat, who has rid himself of all
that is evil, who is endowed with the right exertion to burn up the 1,500
defilements, whose meditation is steadfast and keen to the extent of
reaching the path of the absorptions (
appanā-jhāna
), by reflecting on the
characteristics of impermanence, suffering and non-substantiality of
various tranquillity (
samatha
) objects such as breathing-out and