7: The Attainment of Buddhahood – 386
The Development of Insight by the Bodhisatta
Having done away with the factors of defilements, such as greed, hatred, etc., by
means of the merits accumulated through the fulfilment of the perfections, such
as generosity, morality, etc., the Bodhisatta – who had also eliminated delusion
(
moha
), the general of the defilements, together with its concomitants, which is
apt to hinder and conceal the way to Nibbāna – practised and developed the
great diamond insight (
mahā-vajira-vipassanā
) in the last watch of the night, on
the full moon of May (
Vesākha
).
The method of practice and development in brief is as follows: There are 1,000
billion world-elements known as the field of authority (
āṇā-khetta
) of a Buddha.
The field of authority of a Buddha: There are three fields (
khettas
)
concerning a Buddha according to the sub-commentary on the Ornaments
of the Victor (
Jinālaṅkāra
) and the Expulsion (
Pārājika
) commentary: 1)
the field of birth limited by the 10,000 world-element that quaked on the
Fortunate One’s taking re-birth linking (
jāti-khetta
); 2) the field of
authority (
āṇākhetta
), limited by the 1,000 billions of world-elements
where the following safeguards (
paritta
), are efficacious: the Discourse
about the Treasures (
Ratana-sutta
), the Safeguard of the Constituents
(
Khandha-paritta
), the Safeguard through the Top of a Banner (
Dhajagga-
paritta
), the Āṭānāṭiya Safeguard (
Āṭānāṭiya-paritta
) and the Peacock’s
Safeguard (
Mora-paritta
); 3) the field of scope (
visaya-khetta
) is boundless
and immeasurable in which the Buddha-knowledge can exercise
omniscience (
sabbaññutā-ñāṇa
), knowing anything anywhere that he
wishes.
When the Bodhisatta contemplated the true nature of those beings living in each
universe and belonging to the three passages of time: past, present and future, he
came to know full well that, no matter how numerous humans, Devas and
Brahmas were in a single universe, they could be reduced to the twelve factors
of dependent origination (
paṭicca-samuppāda
) as the ultimate reality, past
factors as cause: ignorance (
avijjā
) and volitions (
saṅkhāra
); present factors as
effect: consciousness (
viññāṇa
), mind and matter (
nāma-rūpa
), the six sense
spheres (
saḷāyatana
), contact (
phassa
), feeling (
vedanā
); present factors as cause:
craving (
taṇhā
), attachment (
upādāna
) and productive deeds (
kamma-bhava
);
future factors as effect: birth (
jāti
), old age (
jarā
) and death (
maraṇa
).