7: The Attainment of Buddhahood – 371
cakkhu-abhiññā
), in order to reach the stage of penetrating the truths.
These observations are made here because the view of the author of the
Ornaments of the Victor (
Jinālaṅkāra
) appears to be unusual and worthy
of note.
Realization of the Three Knowledges
Having won his victory over Vasavatti Māra also known as Devaputta Māra,
before sunset on the full moon of May (
Vesākha
), in the year 528
BCE
, the
Bodhisatta realised the three understandings (
vijjā
), in succession, as follows: the
knowledge of past existences (
pubbe-nivāsānussati-ñāṇa
) in the first watch of
that night; knowledge of the divine eye (
dibba-cakkhu-ñāṇa
) in the middle
watch of the night and knowledge of the extinction of the pollutants
(
āsavakkhaya-ñāṇa
) in the last watch of the night, and became a Buddha in the
very last watch of the night of the May (
Vesākha
) full moon.
Knowledge of Past Existences
The physical and mental processes which had taken place in the past: Nibbāna,
which becomes known from these physical and mental processes, one’s personal
names, clan names etc., which are merely conventional terms – all this
belonging to the past is called past existences (
pubbe-nivāsa
). The super
knowledge (
abhiññā
) accompanying the remembrance of
[316]
past existences
is
the knowledge of past existences (
pubbe-nivāsānussati-abhiññā
). The Buddha
taught it as the first of the three understandings (
vijjā-ñāṇa
).
The following is an account in detail as to how the first understanding was
realized by the Bodhisatta: When the noble Bodhisatta was sat on the
unconquered throne, delighted and happy after being victorious over Vasavatti
Māra, many Devas and Brahmas dwelling in the 10,000 world-element including
the earth-bound spirits (
bhumma-deva
), went to the Bodhisatta simultaneously
and assembled, shouting and exclaiming: “Come, friends, Devas and Brahmas,
the victory of the noble Bodhisatta and the defeat of Māra have been made clear.
Let us hold together an auspicious celebration in honour of the victory of the
noble Bodhisatta and the coming attainment of his Buddhahood.”
At that time, the sun disc, 50 leagues in size, magnificent with a thousandfold
radiance, was about to disappear like a gold wheel of a cart being held by the
rim and dipped into the whirlpool of the great ocean. The moon chariot, 40
leagues in size, giving out cool, shining beams of light, brightening up the entire