II: The Rare Appearance of a Buddha – 36
previous Bodhisattas, the Awakening of an Independent
[18]
Buddha (
Pacceka-
bodhi
) cannot become mature before they have completed the full course of the
perfections.
3. There are three categories of disciple Bodhisattas (
sāvaka-bodhisatta
):
1. Future chief disciples (
agga-sāvaka
) are a pair of disciples like Vens.
Sāriputta and Moggallāna.
2. Future great disciples (
mahā-sāvaka
) are like the 80 great disciples
21
in
the lifetime of Buddha Gotama.
3. Future ordinary disciples
22
(
pakaṭi-sāvaka
) are all Arahats other than
those mentioned above.
Of these three categories: 1) Future chief disciples have to fulfil their
perfections for one immeasurable period and 100,000 aeons; 2) future great
disciples for 100,000 aeons; and 3) future ordinary disciples, the duration of
their fulfilment of the perfections is not directly stated in the texts. However, it
is said in the commentary and sub-commentary on the Discussion of Previous
Lives (
Pubbe-nivāsa-kathā
), on the Long Discourse on the Traditions
(
Mahāpadāna-sutta
, DN 14)
23
that great disciples can remember their past lives
of 100,000 aeons ago and ordinary disciples, of less than that figure. Since
fulfilment of the perfections takes place in every existence of theirs, it may be
inferred that future ordinary disciples have to fulfil the perfections not more
than 100,000 aeons. The duration of their fulfilment of the perfections is thus
indefinite: it may be 100 aeons or 1,000 aeons, etc. According to some, it may be
just one or two existences as illustrated by the story of a frog.
In the story of Maṇḍūka in the Stories about Heavenly Mansions (
Vimāna-
vatthu
, Vv 51) a frog was reborn as a Deva after hearing the voice of the
21
The enumeration of the 80 great disciples begins with Ven. Kondaññā and ends with
Ven. Piṅgiya.
22
Disciples other than the chief disciples and great disciples of the master are ordinary
disciples. See the sub-commentary to the Path of Purification (
Visuddhi-magga
).
23
The discourse deals elaborately with the life of Buddha Vipassī, the first of the seven
Buddhas preceding Buddha Gotama. Because it contains the largest number of
bhaṇavāras
or sections, it came to be known as the king of discourses in the
commentaries.