6: The Practice of Austere Striving – 339
darkness. As they are oppressed by your tenfold army, Māra, they can by no
means know the road of the jewelled Dhamma Wheel, namely, the seven factors
of Awakening (
Bojjhaṅga
) which is the excellent path taken by Buddhas,
Paccekabuddhas and other noble ones to attain Nibbāna.
Therefore I would like
you to take me as one who would fight and vanquish your tenfold army and
raise the flag of victory.”
On hearing the valiant words spoken by the Bodhisatta, Māra departed from
that place being unable to utter a word in reply.
Questionable Points
In this chapter on his austere striving (
dukkara-cariyā
), the points which may be
raised are: “Was the Bodhisatta incapable of becoming a Buddha without
practising austere striving?”
124
The answer is: “With or without austere striving,
the Bodhisatta would become a Buddha because he had completely fulfilled the
perfections, charity and good conduct.”
“If Buddhahood was possible without austere striving, why did he practise it
laboriously?” Partly because he wished to demonstrate his incomparable energy
to beings, including Devas and Brahmas and partly because he considered that
his heart would be filled with joy on recalling the virtues of his energy some
time after his becoming a Buddha, as such the Bodhisatta practised austere
striving laboriously.
To give an example, a king who has earned kingship by virtue of customary
succession, without warring with anybody but while remaining in the main
palace, cannot rejoice as does a monarch who wins a kingdom after gathering
his forces and fighting two or three battles and crushing his opponents. It is true,
when he who ascends the throne after engaging in two or three wars and coming
out triumphant, views his audience while enjoying the luxury of his kingship,
reflects on his energetic deeds, he feels immensely happy, thinking: “I have
acquired this royalty by doing such and such a thing at such and such a place and
by killing such and such an enemy in such and such a manner.”
124
That is to say: “Is Buddhahood attained only through the practice of austere striving
(
dukkara-cariyā
)?” or “Is Buddhahood unattainable without the practice of austere
striving
(
dukkara-cariyā
)?”