6: The Practice of Austere Striving – 336
using putrid urine of a cow as medicine. These householders and recluses meet
their hideous death on encountering Māra’s first army of sensuality (
kāma)
.
121
2. Aversion (
arati
) and dissatisfaction (
ukkaṇṭhita
) constitute the second
army of Māra.
Although they have taken up an ascetic life after resolutely abandoning worldly
belongings (
gihi-bhoga
), some tend to be disturbed and corrupted by such factors
as aversion (
arati
) and dissatisfaction (
ukkaṇṭhita
) which are not taking delight
in being a recluse, not taking delight in learning and practice, not taking delight
in the seclusion of forest dwellings, and not taking delight in tranquillity
(
samatha
) and insight (
vipassanā
). Some ascetics meet their death, being
drowned in the sea of Māra’s second army.
3. Thirst and hunger (
khuppipāsā
) constitute the third army of Māra.
Although some recluses have overcome that second army, while observing
practices of austerity and because of the very strict rules of the thirteen
austerities (
dhutaṅga
), which compel them to eat only what is available such as
food of all kinds mixed together, some cannot eat to their hearts’ content
122
[294]
and are therefore not satisfied and become hungry again, suffering like a crazy
earthworm which writhes at the touch of salt. As thirst and hunger sets in they
lose interest in asceticism and are obsessed with the burning desire to take food.
4. Weariness (
tandī
) constitutes the fourth army of Māra.
When they are oppressed by hunger and thirst, some of them become physically
and mentally weak and are at their wit’s end. They become disheartened,
indolent and unhappy. As weariness sets in, they do not wish to carry on with
the asceticism they are engaged in.
5. Sloth and torpor (
thīna-middha
) constitutes the fifth army of Māra.
With no progress in their spiritual work and becoming lazy and despondent,
they begin to feel bored and fall into a state of dejection. From that day, as sloth
121
From Ledi Sayādaw’s
nissaya
translation of the Discourse on the Striving (
Padhāna-
sutta
, Snp 3.2).
122
Lit. they cannot eat voraciously in the manner of “a thirsty bull quenching his thirst
when led to water”.