6: The Practice of Austere Striving – 332
The Bodhisatta took up this practice of austerities, which ordinary people
would find difficult to do, not for a short period of days and months. In
fact, he did it for six long years. Despite his six years long struggle, it
never occurred to him thus: “I have not attained omniscience although I
have practised this with difficulty. Well, in view of this situation, I will go
back to my golden palace, and being pampered by 40,000 palace ladies
headed by my Princess Yasodharā. I will happily take care of my step-
mother Gotamī, father and 80,000 relatives who are still alive,” or “Having
enjoyed excellent food which is like that of the Devas, I will rather stay
comfortably in a luxurious bed.” There had never been the slightest
thought in him for an easy-going and self-indulgent life. An ordinary man
would not dare to think of practising these kinds of austerities, much less,
actually practising it. Therefore, it is called a practice which is difficult to
undertake by ordinary people (
dukkara-cariyā
).
Māra’s Visit to the Bodhisatta
Even at the time when the Bodhisatta was going forth, Māra discouraged him,
saying: “Prince Siddhattha, on the seventh day from today, the Wheel-Treasure
will arrive, do not go forth.” But the Bodhisatta replied with tremendous
boldness: “Māra, I know that the Wheel-Treasure will come to me. I do not,
however, wish to enjoy the bliss of a Universal Monarch. Go away! Do not stay
here! I will endeavour to become a Buddha, thereby making the 10,000 world-
element resound throughout.” Since then Māra had shadowed the Bodhisatta for
six years looking for an opportunity to dispose of him, with the thought: “If
thoughts of sensuality (
kāma-vitakka
), ill-will (
vyāpāda-vitakka
) or violence
(
vihiṁsā-vitakka
) arise in his mental continuum, I will kill him right on the spot.”
Since then, for six long years Māra could not find any of these thoughts in the
Bodhisatta.
When six years had elapsed, it occurred to Māra thus: “Prince Siddhattha is of
great energy. His austerity (
dukkara-cariyā
) is so strenuous. He may become a
Buddha at one time or another soon. What if I approach him and give him some
words of advice, thereby causing him to stop his practice.” Then he approached
the Bodhisatta and told him of his intentions.
After his Awakening, the Buddha gave the monastics a discourse under the
title of the Discourse on the Striving (
Padhāna-sutta
, Snp 3.2) explaining
how Māra had come and persuaded him by feigning goodwill, and how he