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6: The Practice of Austere Striving
Austere Striving in Uruvelā
After his departure from the sect-leader Udaka, the Bodhisatta went about the
Magadha country still with his mind set on Nibbāna and eventually arrived in
the market town of Senā. Near Senā was Uruvelā forest. In the forest, the
natural lay of the land was delightful enough for noble and virtuous men. The
forest itself was pleasant. The river Nerañjarā had an attractive landing place,
free of mud and mire, with a sand beach like silvery sheets spread out, with
pleasingly clean and clear currents full of sportive fish and tortoises, and the
river flowed continuously. There were also small villages where forest dwelling
ascetics could easily receive alms food. When the Bodhisatta saw all these
features, he noted them carefully and then decided: “This is an ideal place for
sons of good families seeking Nibbāna to undertake meditation.” Accordingly,
he built a small dwelling place with available dry firewood and leaves and
stayed in the forest of Uruvelā to engage in meditation.
The Three Similes
Then there appeared in the mind of the Bodhisatta three similes. They are:
1. In order to make fire, however hard a man rubs with a fire-kindling stick, a
big piece of wet firewood soaked in water, he cannot produce fire and will only
become miserable.
In the same way, in this world, the so-called recluses and Brahmins, in whom the
wet and slimy elements of sensual passion have not dried up and who do not stay
away from sense objects also will not realize the paths and fruitions but will
only become miserable, however hard they work to rid themselves of
defilements. This was the first simile that manifested to the Bodhisatta.
In this simile, those in whom the slimy elements of sensual passion have
not dried up are likened to the big piece of wet fig-tree wood. The act of
keeping themselves in the water of sense objects is likened to the act of
keeping in water the piece of wet fig-tree wood. The inability to secure the
fire or the knowledge of the path however hard they work without giving
up sense objects is likened to the non-producing of fire but the producing
of misery however hard the big piece of wet fig-tree wood soaked in water
is rubbed. This simile signifies the asceticism of those wandering ascetics