The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2846
attachment or desire to live always together with others. People may be
living poles apart, and yet one is happy to hear that those living far
away are prospering. Such separation does not prevent one from feeling
satisfied with their well-being. Therefore, loving-kindness (
mettā
) is
pure and noble and has been also called a sublime abode (
Brahma-
vihāra
). That is to say, developing such love is living in a sublime state
of mind. Not only loving-kindness (
mettā
), but compassion (
karuṇā
),
altruistic joy (
muditā
) and equanimity (
upekkhā
) are also sublime
abodes (
Brahma-vihāra
).
So the sublime abodes (
Brahma-vihāra
) comprise all four virtues. They are also
known as four noble practices (
brahma-cariyā
). Another name for the sublime
abodes (
Brahma-vihāra
)
is the immeasurables (
apamaññā
), for they are the
mental qualities to be developed and extended towards all beings, whose number
is limitless.
It should be carefully noted that development of loving-kindness is not
development of impure craving-love (
taṇhā-pema
) and affection-love (
geha-
sita-pema
) but that of pure and noble loving-kindness (
mettā-pema
); how to
develop loving-kindness (
mettā
) will be shown later.
Loving-Kindness and Hatelessness
Loving-kindness (
mettā
) is a reality which exists in its ultimate sense
(
paramattha
). But when ultimate realities are enumerated, loving-kindness is not
shown as a separate item, for it is covered by the
[1655]
mental concomitant of
hatelessness (
adosa-cetasika
), which has a wider connotation. Loving-kindness
forms a part of that mental concomitant of hatelessness (
adosa-cetasika
).
According to the the Collection of Meaning in the Abhidhamma
(
Abhidhammattha-saṅgaha
), the mental concomitant of hatelessness (
adosa-
cetasika
) is associated with 59 beautiful thoughts (
sobhana-citta
). Whenever
these 59 thoughts (
citta
) arise, there arises the mental concomitant of
hatelessness (
adosa-cetasika
) too. Hatelessness
can contemplate various objects,
but loving-kindness (
mettā
) can have only living beings as its object. In
performing different acts of giving (
dāna
) or observing various kinds of
morality (
sīla
), there invariably arises hatelessness (
adosa
). But each time
hatelessness
arises in this way, it is not necessarily loving-kindness. Only when
one contemplates living beings with the thought: “May they be well and happy,”