The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2842
Thus, the difference between truth (
sacca
) and resolution (
adhiṭṭhāna
) lies in the
presence or absence of the basis of truth.
3. Resolution made so that one’s duties are fulfilled (
vata-adhiṭṭhāna
). There are
those who undertake the habits of a bull (
go-sīla
) and practices of a bull (
go-
vata
): Cattle eat and discharge faeces and urine while standing; in imitation of
cattle, some ascetics during the lifetime of the Buddha did the same, believing
that by so doing they would be purified and liberated from Saṁsāra. That is not
to say that cattle had that wrong view, but only those ascetics who imitated
cattle had. This practice (
vata
) is connected with evil.
But resolution (
adhiṭṭhāna
) has nothing to do with such wrong practices, for it
belongs to the noble practice of the perfections (
pāramī
). Here, practices (
vata
)
refers to the observance of such noble practices as generosity, morality, etc.;
when one resolves to observe these practices, such an action may be termed a
practice of resolution (
vata-adhiṭṭhāna
), but mere resolution and mere
designation do not amount to fulfilling the perfection of resolution. The reason
is that resolution (
adhiṭṭhāna
) does not belong to the past nor does it belong to
the present. One fulfils the perfection of resolution when one observes in the
future exactly as one has resolved firmly now; and however ardently one
resolves at present, if one fails to observe later, one’s resolution is useless and
meaningless.
This idea is expressed in the Signs of Intelligence (
Kavi-lakkhaṇā
). A line in it
reads to the effect that resolution should be compared to the horn of a
rhinoceros, a beast which has one horn, not two. Just as a rhinoceros has only
one horn, so should one stick to his resolution steadfastly and firmly, and not
waveringly. This line of the Signs of Intelligence (
Kavi-lakkhaṇā
) agrees with
such sayings as “like a rocky mountain (
yathā pi pabbato selo
)” as mentioned in
the Chronicles of the Buddhas (
Buddha-vaṁsa
, Bv 2.153). Its meaning has been
shown above.
The different resolutions as classified before, such as resolution (
adhiṭṭhāna
)
concerning the Observance Day (
Uposatha
), resolution concerning the robe, and
resolution concerning the bowl, cannot be included under the resolution made so
that portending signs appear before something happens (
pubba-nimitta-
adhiṭṭhāna
), the resolution made so that one’s wish comes true (
āsīsa-adhiṭṭhāna
)
and the resolution of practice (
vata-adhiṭṭhāna
), for they are the
[1653]
resolutions made as required by the Discipline. On the other hand, the resolution