The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2828
Reflections on the Two Kinds of Truth
In this connection, the truthfulness of King Mahā Sutasoma and that of minister
Vidhura are worthy of a comparative study. The minister’s truthfulness was his
truthful saying: “I am a servant,” as is told in vs. 102 of the Birth Story about the
Wise Vidhura (
Vidhura-jātaka
, Ja 546). As soon as he said so, his truthfulness
was accomplished. But, when he said that he had nothing to worry about, he
could not die just being a servant. Therefore, one might say that Vidhura’s
truthfulness was inferior to Sutasoma’s.
However, it may be considered that Vidhura was prepared to sacrifice his life,
thinking to himself: “That young man may like to do away with me after taking
me away. If he does so, I will accept death.” For, as he was wise, he must have
pondered like this: “This young man asked for me, but did not want to honour
me. If he had a desire to honour me, he would have openly told me his purpose
and invited me for the same, but he did not invite me. He won possession of me
by gambling and would not set me free.” Besides, though he was a young man,
he was a Yakkha by birth. Seeing his behaviour, the minister must have noticed
that he was a tough, wild person. Another thing that should be taken into
consideration is this: When Vidhura had, by way of farewell, exhorted the king
and his family members and said: “I have done my job,” the young Yakkha,
Puṇṇaka, replied (vs 196): “Do not be afraid. Firmly hold on to the tail of my
horse. This will be the last time for you to see the world while you are living.”
Vidhura boldly retorted: “I have done no evil that would lead to states of
suffering. Why should I be afraid?” From this word of the minister, it is clear he
had decided to sacrifice his life.
All this points to the fact that Vidhura’s truthfulness contained some risk to life
and was thus not inferior to Sutasoma’s; it should be concluded that it was, if not
superior, it was at least of the same class as that of Sutasoma.
The unique feature of this perfection of truthfulness in contrast to the previous
ones is that it possesses the power to have one’s desire fulfilled because of the
truth uttered. In the Birth Story about Mahā Sutasoma (
Mahā-sutasoma-jātaka
,
Ja 537, vs 62) it is also said:
“Of all the tastes which prevail on this earth, the
[1646]
taste of truth is
the sweetest.”