The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2807
Please speak out if I am guilty. I will give an apology to you.” Then the first
younger brother stood up and, after paying his respects to the eldest brother,
said: “Sir, could I get your permission to speak only for myself?” On getting the
permission, he took an oath, saying: “Sir, if I had stolen your share of food, may
I come into possession of horses, cattle, silver, gold and a beautiful wife here at
this place and stay with my family enjoying a mundane life.” This form of oath
suggests that as much as objects of desire give us pleasure when we are in
possession of them, we feel grieved and distressed when we are bereft of them.
The oath was taken to despise the objects of desire.
The eldest brother said: “You have taken a very severe oath. I believe you did
not take my food. Go and sit in your place.” The rest of the group, covering
their ears, also said: “Brother, please do not say so. Your word is very serious
and terrible.” They covered their ears because as meditators, they found sense
pleasures disgusting; sensuality was so dreadful that they could not bear even to
hear something associated with it.
Then the second younger brother said: “Sir, if I have stolen your lotus sprouts,
may I become one who wears flowers, puts on sandalwood paste from Kāsi, has
many children and who is very much involved in and attached to sensuality.” In
this way, the remaining eight persons took similar oaths individually.
In this Birth Story (
Jātaka
), the ascetic Mahā Kañcana, leader of the group, was
the Bodhisatta, and the rest were destined to became foremost disciples of the
Buddha in their own right. Therefore, having attained spiritual maturity, they
really abhorred sensuality. Each of them was bold enough to take such a
dreadful oath to convince the others.
Since that oath was based on what was true, it was the same as the truth (
vacī-
sacca
) fulfilled by Bodhisattas. In their individual oaths, the main point was:
“We did not steal your share of lotus sprouts.” Since it was a true statement, it
amounts to truth.
Such words as: “May I also have this or that,” which in effect means: “May I
encounter this or that,” are included as proposed punishment for oneself in the
oath, just to make the others believe him or her. Accordingly, this truth is called
the truth told so that one will be believed by others (
sadda-hāpana-sacca
). The
oath that has been taken from the times of ancient Mahā Sammata kings down