The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2800
themselves. In the same way, craving has no high opinion of, and no desire or
yearning for the happiness derived from peace (
santi-sukha
), the unconditioned
Nibbāna, which is devoid of feeling and which indeed is peace.
In this connection, the Discourse on the Happiness of the Peace of Nibbāna
(
Nibbāna-sukha-sutta
, AN 9.34) says: “Once, Ven. Sāriputta, while staying in the
midst of monastics, said: ‘Friends, Nibbāna is indeed happiness; Nibbāna is
indeed happiness.’ ” Then Ven. Udāyi asked: “How can Nibbāna be happiness,
friend Sāriputta, if there is no feeling?” Ven. Sāriputta replied: “Friend Udāyi,
Nibbāna being devoid of feeling is in itself happiness.”
Worldly people who lack intelligence view the five aggregates, the truth of
suffering, as happiness. Intelligent worldly people and the noble ones view the
cessation of the five aggregates, like the extinction of a great fire, as happiness.
A simile to illustrate the superiority of happiness derived from cessation and
extinction for those worldly people of poor intelligence is as follows: A patient,
who is suffering from chronic, acute flatulence takes medicine from a good
physician. Consequently, he gets completely cured of his disease. It may be
imagined how happy he would be. At that moment, he has no pleasant sensation
whatsoever; what he experiences is simply the extinction of the flatulence
trouble. He will certainly be delighted, knowing: “Now my trouble is gone!” as
his suffering has ceased to trouble him. The flatulence is nothing when
compared with the suffering of
Saṁsāra. If one takes delight in the extinction of
that insignificant trouble, why will he not find happiness in the extinction of the
great suffering of
Saṁsāra. He certainly will be overjoyed.
Nibbāna
What is Nibbāna, the cessation of suffering? When the unconditioned element
(
asaṅkhata-dhātu
), the unique ultimate reality, which has the characteristics of
peace, is realised with the fourfold knowledge of the path, all the defilements,
numbering 1,500 are completely eradicated and never will they rise again. In
any existence, when the path to becoming an Arahat (
Arahatta-magga
) is
attained, the suffering, in the form of the five aggregates, ceases once and for all
immediately after death, just as a heap of fire has been extinguished. There is no
more rebirth in any realms of existence. That unconditioned element, the unique
ultimate reality, which has the characteristics of peace is called Nibbāna.