The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2793
Nowadays, some people might like to ask: “Are there palatial buildings in
Nibbāna?” “How do those who have passed into Nibbāna enjoy themselves
there?” They ask such questions because of their perception of Nibbāna, which,
as ultimate truth, lies in the sphere of wisdom.
To be sure, there are no palatial buildings in Nibbāna, nor are there any
individuals that pass into Nibbāna. Those who have realized the peace of
Nibbāna with their attainment of Awakening are no longer subject to rebirth,
and their minds and bodies cease to exist when demise takes place in their final
existence, like a great flame of fire goes extinct. Such a cessation is called
passing into Parinibbāna. No living entity exists in Nibbāna.
“If that were the case, such a thing as Nibbāna would not exist,” the
perceptionist would say, “it is, therefore, useless and unnecessary.” In order to
encourage him, others would assert: “Nibbāna is a place where beings are
immortal, assuming special mental and physical forms and enjoying
incomparable luxury in palaces and mansions.” Then only is the perceptionist
satisfied because the assertion agrees with what he has preconceived.
If one looks through perception at something and sees the appearance of its
concrete form, it is not absolute (
paramattha
), but merely a conventional
designation (
paññatti
). So also, if one looks through wisdom at something and
sees the disappearance of its form that is not absolute either but merely a
conventional designation too. Only when one looks through wisdom and sees its
true nature, then is it absolute. The more one looks thus, the more one sees such
reality. Therefore, Nibbāna, which is just peace, highly unique absoluteness,
should not be sought through perception, which tends to grasp form and
substance. Instead, it should be examined through wisdom, which tends to
remove form and substance and delve into their true nature so that the peace
that is Nibbāna manifests itself.
Conventional truth and ultimate truth are both acceptable, each in its own
context, as has been shown above. Suppose a person takes an oath saying: “I
declare that there really exist a man and a woman. If what I have declared is not
correct, let misfortune befall me,” and suppose another person would also take
an oath saying: “I declare that there really do not exist a man and a woman. If
what I have declared is not correct, let misfortune befall me;” never will
misfortune befall either of them. The reason is: Though the two declarations are
against each other, both are correct from their respective points of view. The