The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2788
Eight Kinds of Strength
In a list of eight kinds of strength of the noble and virtuous is included
forbearance (
Paṭhama-bala-sutta
, AN 8.27). The eight kinds of strength are:
1. Crying is the strength of children.
2. Anger is the strength of women.
3. A weapon is the strength of robbers.
4. Sovereignty over wide territories is the strength of kings.
5. Finding fault with others is the strength of fools.
6. Careful scrutiny is the strength of the wise.
7. Repeated consideration is the strength of the learned.
8. Tolerance to wrongs done by others is the strength of ascetics and
Brahmins.
Ascetics and Brahmins
With reference to the terms ascetics and Brahmins (
samaṇa-brāhmaṇa
) in
number 8 of the above list, it may be asked whether ascetics are of equal status.
Outside of the teaching,
samaṇa
means an ascetic. Within the teaching, it is
understood as a monastic, a member of the Saṅgha, a son of the Buddha. The
term
samaṇa
is thus well-known and needs no further explanation.
What requires elaboration is the word
brāhmaṇa
. The Discourse on the Highest
Knowledge (
Aggañña-sutta
, DN 27) gives an account of how the appellation
Brahmin (
brāhmaṇa
) came to be used first.
At the beginning of the world, after humans had lived on earth for aeons, evil
ways had appeared amongst them, and they elected a certain individual to rule
over them as King Mahā Sammata “the Great Elected One.” At that time, some
people, saying: “The world is being overwhelmed by forces of evil; we do not
wish to live in association with people who are so corrupt as to be governed by a
king. We will repair to the forest and drive away, wash away, these evil ways,”
went to the forest and stayed there meditating and being absorbed in absorption
(
jhāna
). Because they lived in this manner, they were called Brahmins
(
brāhmaṇa
).