The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2780
The Life of Mahosadha
The texts give the Birth Story of Mahosadha (
Umaṅga-jātaka
, Ja 542) to show
the Bodhisatta’s fulfilment of the perfection of wisdom. But, in that very life,
the Bodhisatta also developed the perfection of energy. On the whole,
Mahosadha made use of wisdom as a guide in attending to his multifarious
duties, but once a careful decision had been made, it was put into execution by
making a continual effort. Such endeavours of Mahosadha, even though they
were not intended to develop meritorious deeds of generosity, morality or
meditation, should be considered as a perfection of energy since they were made
for the welfare of others.
It may be asked whether some of Mahosadha’s endeavours did not cause
suffering to others. For example, when King Cūḷani Brahmadatta laid siege to
Mithilā with 18 divisions of his indestructible (
akkhobhaṇī
) army, Mahosadha,
devising a stratagem, brought about a complete rout of the great army, causing
much suffering to King Cūḷani Brahmadatta and his hordes. Should we not
blame Mahosadha then for his attempts to make his opponents suffer?
In answer to that, take the simile of scaring a snake which is about to catch a
frog. Some people take the view that such an attempt is blameworthy because by
so doing the frog will no doubt get out of harm’s way but the snake will go
hungry. The Buddha teaches that volition is the deciding factor in such a
situation. If one frightens away the snake in order to make it suffer from hunger,
it is blameworthy; on the other hand, if one acts only to get the frog out of
danger, without giving any thought to the snake’s hunger, it is quite blameless.
Again, in the Questions of King Milinda on the
[1619]
Question about
Devadatta’s Going-Forth (
Devadatta-pabbajja-pañha
, Mil 4.3, PTS 107), the
king asked Ven. Nāgasena: “Venerable sir, is it not a fact that the Buddha knew
that Devadatta would create a schism if he was permitted to become a monastic.
Knowing thus, why did the Buddha admit him into the order? If he did not
receive the going forth, he would not be able to cause the schism.”
Ven. Nāgasena replies: “King, the Buddha indeed foresaw that Devadatta would
create a schism among monastics, but he also knew that if Devadatta did not
gain admission into the Saṅgha, he would commit unwholesome deeds, such as
holding a “wrong view with a fixed destiny” (
niyata-micchā-diṭṭhi
), for which
he would suffer worse than he would for causing a schism. Creating the schism