The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2778
certainly work arduously for liberation from these dangers. Without such
wisdom, one will not work for it at all.
Even in everyday mundane life, a student who is struck with fear of poverty,
that is, one who has urgency from knowledge, will work hard reflecting thus:
“Without education, I will be faced with poverty when I grow up.” Another one,
who is not moved by such anxiety, that is, one who has no urgency from
knowledge, will put forth no effort whatsoever to acquire knowledge.
Similarly, motivated by a fear of poverty, workers assiduously devote
themselves to work which provides them with the necessities of life; whereas
those who do not consider their future will remain indolent and carefree. It
should be surmised from what has been said that only urgency from knowledge
can cause the development of energy.
But this applies only to the development of energy which serves as a perfection.
As already mentioned, there are two kinds of energy: energy which is developed
for a wholesome act and energy developed for an unwholesome act. The energy
necessary for an unwholesome act is also caused by the stirring of spiritual
urgency (
saṁvega
), but it is urgency that disturbs the mind (
cittutrāsa-saṁvega
)
and not urgency from knowledge (
ñāṇa-saṁvega
) that serves as its foundation.
An indigent person in need of money will make an effort to steal; he cannot take
up a proper mental attitude (
yoniso-manasikāra
). This is an example of how
wrong effort arises through an unwholesome urgency that disturbs the mind. A
person who does not possess a proper mental attitude will have recourse to
wrong efforts to prevent possible dangers falling upon him. But a person with
the right frame of mind will not exert himself to do wrong actions; he always
strives for good ones.
Thus, whereas the main foundation of energy is the spiritual urgency (
saṁvega
),
it is the mental attitude which determines the kind of energy, whether
wholesome or unwholesome, to develop. As a perfection, unwholesome energy
is not to be considered; it is only blameless, wholesome energy that is reckoned
as a perfection.
When we consider the four right exertions, it would seem that only energy that
causes wholesome deeds serves as a perfection. But, although an effort may not
result in wholesome
[1618]
deeds, if it is neither a wrong effort nor the kind that