The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2760
(
attha-kavi
), a wise man who explains meaning. He writes verses based on a
given subject-matter.
4. One who, without having recourse to thinking out himself, or listening to
others, or referring to what is already known, has the ability to penetrate at once
the meaning of a given subject is called wise in improvisation (
paṭibhāna-kavi
),
a wise man of ready speech, like Ven. Vaṅgīsa during the Buddha’s time.
Wisdom is a separate mental concomitant, one of the ultimate realities. In the
Enumeration of Phenonema (
Dhamma-saṅgaṇī
), various names, such as the
faculty of wisdom (
paññindriya
), wisdom (
paññā
), being wise (
pajānanā
), etc.,
are given to wisdom because it is the characteristic of the Abhidhamma to give
complete details of everything that should be taught about each subject. The
principal term for wisdom is the faculty of wisdom (
paññindriya
), made up of
the words wisdom (
paññā
) and faculty (
indriya
).
It is called wisdom (
paññā
) because it is conducive to understanding in all
aspects the four truths or the three characteristics of impermanence (
anicca
),
suffering (
dukkha
) and non-self (
anatta
).
It is called faculty (
indriya
), a controlling or governing faculty, because it can
overcome ignorance (
avijjā
) and delusion (
moha
), or because it dominates in
understanding real nature. Wisdom (
paññā
) has the characteristic of creating
light. Just as darkness is dispelled as soon as light appears in a dark room, even
so, where ignorance blinds us, as soon as wisdom appears, ignorance is dispelled
enabling us to see clearly. Therefore, the Buddha has said (SN 1.13): There is no
light like wisdom (
natthi paññāsamā ābhā
).
Wisdom has the characteristic of perceiving things with discrimination. Just as a
clever physician discerns which food is suitable for his patient and which food is
not, so when wisdom arises, it enables one to distinguish between what is
meritorious and what is not. Wisdom also has the characteristic of penetrating
real nature as it is. It may be likened to an arrow which, shot by a clever archer,
penetrates the target unerringly.
An important point to note with regard to this characteristic of wisdom:
Genuine wisdom is knowing a thing as it really is, and such a knowledge is
blameless. That is why in the Collection of Meaning in the Abhidhamma
(
Abhidhammattha-saṅgaha
), the mental concomitant of wisdom (
paññā-cetasika
)
is included in the beautiful (
sobhaṇa
) types of mental concomitants.