The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2759
expounded that one who wishes to fulfil the perfection of wisdom should first
acquire knowledge from the wise before he can have any basic wisdom. In brief,
wisdom through hearing (
suta-maya-paññā
) should be acquired before wisdom
through thinking (
cintā-maya-paññā
).
The commentaries, such as the Abundance of Meaning (
Aṭṭha-sālinī
, DsA),
describe the innumerable lives of the Bodhisatta, for example, as the wise men
Vidhura, Mahā Govinda, Kudāla, Araka, Bodhi the wandering ascetic,
Mahosadha, etc., when he had to fulfil the perfection of wisdom. In these lives,
the Bodhisatta had already acquired basic wisdom; he also possessed, and
therefore he had, wisdom arising from thought (
cintā-maya-paññā
). As his basic
wisdom, it was already great enough so that acquiring wisdom arising from
hearing was no longer his chief concern in those existences.
Four Kinds of Wise Person
The term
kavi
is derived from the root
kava
, which means “to praise;” so a
person who praises things worthy of praises is called
kavi
, meaning a “wise
person.” A
kavi
is also a poet, one who is wise in words.
The Discourse about Poets (
Kavi-sutta
, AN 4.231) describes four kinds of wise
persons (
kavi
):
1. Wise in thinking (
cintā-kavi
).
2. Wise in hearing (
suta-kavi
).
3. Wise in meaning (
attha-kavi
).
[1607]
4. Wise in improvisation (
paṭibhāna-kavi
).
1. One who is capable of knowing a given matter by thinking it out for himself
is called wise in thinking (
cintā-kavi
), a wise man of original thinking. It is the
province of such persons to sing verses lauding those deserving praise. Thus, one
wise in thinking, is one who composes poems relying solely on his own thinking.
2. One who puts into verse what one knows through hearing is called wise in
hearing (
suta-kavi
).
3. One who does not know through his original thinking or through learning
from others but interprets the meaning of a difficult point based upon the
knowledge he already possesses of similar problems is called wise in meaning