The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2758
that in the first wisdom is gained through one’s own thought or reasoning and in
the second by hearing it from others.
3. The kind of wisdom gained at the time when one is actually experiencing the
absorption (
jhāna
) or fruition (
phala
) states (
bhāvanā-maya-paññā
).
The Analyses (Vibhaṅga) in the Abhidhamma, in the chapter on the Analysis of
Knowledge (
Ñāṇa-vibhaṅga
), gives types of wisdom in groups of one kind, two
kinds, etc., up to ten kinds.
All these groups of wisdom, however, may be taken as coming under the three
types of wisdom given above. For example, in the Analyses, after the group of
the three kinds of wisdom: wisdom arising from thought (
cintā-maya
), and so on,
are enumerated wisdom arising from giving (
dāna-maya-paññā
), wisdom arising
from morality (
sīla-maya-paññā
) and wisdom arising from meditation
(
bhāvanā-maya-paññā
).
Wisdom arising from giving is wisdom formed of generosity. Volition
associated with generosity is of three kinds: volition that arises before, during
and after the offering. The wisdom associated with these volitions in each case is
wisdom arising from giving. Similarly, in the case of observance of morality,
wisdom that arises with the intention: “I will observe the precepts,” wisdom that
arises while observing them and wisdom that arises on reflection after observing
the precepts are wisdom arising from morality.
If the wisdom arising from giving and wisdom arising from morality have been
deduced through one’s process of thinking and reasoning, then it is to be classed
as wisdom arising from thought (
cintā-maya-paññā
); if it has been gained
through hearing from others, they are to be included in wisdom arising from
hearing (
suta-maya-paññā
). Other kinds of wisdom can similarly be classified
under the same three headings of wisdom arising from thought (
cintā-maya-
paññā
), and so on.
The teaching: Accomplishing the perfection of wisdom by learning from the
wise (
paripucchanto budhaṁ janaṁ, paññā-pāramitaṁ gantvā
) in the Chronicles
of the Buddhas (
Buddha-vaṁsa
, Bv 2.134) clearly indicates that the Buddha
regards wisdom arising from hearing (
suta-maya-paññā
) as being the basic
wisdom. This is because in this world, one who has not yet acquired basic
wisdom cannot know anything through thinking it through for himself; he has to
learn it first from the wise by listening to them. Therefore, the Buddha has