The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2724
hard food to eat? What shall we drink? What hard food shall we eat? What sort
of food shall we eat? What will you offer me?” etc. This is called improper
verbal conduct (
vācasika-anācāra
).
Proper conduct (
ācāra
): Proper conduct should be understood as the reverse of
the said improper conduct (
anācāra
). Furthermore, a monastic is reverential,
obedient, possessed of conscience and concern; wears his lower robe properly;
wears his upper robe properly; his manners inspire reverential faith whether
moving forwards or backwards, looking sideways, bending or stretching; his
eyes are downcast, he guards the doors of his sense-faculties; he knows the right
measure
[1587]
in eating; he strives to be always wakeful; possesses mindfulness
with full comprehension; he wants little, is easily contented; is strenuous in the
practice of wholesome Dhamma; observes with meticulous care the proper
conduct (
abhisamācārika-sīla
) described above. This is called proper conduct
(
ācāra
).
Proper resort (
gocara
) is of three kinds: the resort that serves as a powerful
support for one’s moral development (
upanissaya-gocara
); the resort that serves
as a guardian of the mind (
ārakkha-gocara
); and the resort that serves as an
anchor of the mind (
upanibandha-gocara
).
A good friend who always uses the ten kinds of right speech conducive to
liberation from Saṁsāra is called a support (
upanissaya-gocara
). By depending
upon such a friend, he hears the Dhamma which is unheard of before, dispels
doubts, rectifies his views, gains clearness of mind. In addition to these benefits,
he grows in faith, morality, learning, generosity and wisdom. Hence that good
friend is a powerful support (
upanissaya-gocara
) for developing wholesome
qualities, such as morality, etc. The ten kinds of speech conducive to liberation:
1. Speech about wanting little
(
appiccha-kathā
).
2. Speech about contentment with what one has in hand (
santuṭṭhi-kathā
).
3. Speech about living in solitude (
paviveka-kathā
).
4. Speech about living in seclusion (
asaṁsagga-kathā
).
5. Speech about making effort (
viriyārambha-kathā
).
6. Speech about morality (
sīla-kathā
).
7. Speech about concentration of the mind (
samādhi-kathā
).