The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2719
astray doing wrong deeds. It is to prevent them from falling into the lower
planes of existence as a consequence of their misdeeds that the Buddha teaches
the discourses in conventional terms.
If, however, only discourses were delivered, people would take such terms as “I,”
“they,” “my son,” “my daughter,” “my wife,” “my property,” etc., as ultimate
realities and their belief in a permanent personality (
sakkāya-diṭṭhi
) would
become so great that they would not attain the paths, fruitions and Nibbāna,
hence the teaching of ultimate reality of mind and matter (
nāma-rūpa-
paramattha-dhamma
) by the Buddha.
Some teachers write: “In the Basket of Discipline (
Vinaya-piṭaka
) there is an
injunction for monastics not to observe the monastic Observance Days, or
recitation of the Monastic Rules (
Pātimokkha
) on non-Observance Days. If they
do so, they commit the offence of wrong-doing (
dukkaṭa-apatti
). Likewise,
laymen should not observe the eight precepts on non-Observance Days.”
Such writing shows that they are not accomplished in interpreting the teaching
of the Buddha. The Teaching of the Discipline (
Vinaya-desanā
) is called a
teaching of the rules (
āṇā-desanā
) in Buddhist literature; it means the
authoritative injunction laid down by the Fortunate One. If a monastic commits,
even with good intention, a forbidden act, he is guilty because he goes against
the command of the Fortunate One and transgresses the Discipline. To assume
that such a Vinaya rule is also applicable to laymen in their observance of
Observance Days, to say that people must not observe precepts on non-
Observance Days and that doing so will be an offence, is a clear
misinterpretation of the teaching. In brief, a pure and noble observance can be
fulfilled on any day. The more it is observed the greater will be the beneficial
results.
Therefore, the sub-commentary on the Discourse about King Mahā Suddasana
(
Mahā-sudassana-sutta
, DN 17) says: The Observance Day (
Uposatha
) is said to
be the precepts (
sīla
) with eight factors that can be observed by laymen on all
days (
uposathaṁ vuccati aṭṭhaṅga-samannāgataṁ sabba-divasesu gahaṭṭhehi
rakkhitabba-sīlaṁ
).
This sub-commentary is written by Ven. Dhammapāla who has also
written the sub-sub-commentary (
Anuṭīkā
) of the root sub-commentary
(
Mūla-ṭīkā
) to the Path of Purification (
Visuddhi-magga
), the Thus-Saids
(
Iti-vuttaka
) commentary and other sub-commentaries.