The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2690
of morality which belong to the fundamental
morality which forms the
beginning of the life of purity (
ādi-brahma-cariya
) category of morality (
sīla
);
the Great Division (
Mahā-vagga
) and the Short Division (
Cūḷa-vagga
), which
are collectively termed the Division containing Chapters (
Khandhaka-vagga
),
describe the group of morality which has been classified as good conduct
(
abhisamācārika-sīla
).
418
Monastics become accomplished in the fundamental morality which forms
the beginning of the life of purity (
ādi-brahma-cariyaka-sīla
) only after
completing observance of good conduct (
abhisamācārika-sīla
). When a
monastic meticulously avoids transgression of even a minor fault, a light
offence, it goes without saying that he will take the greatest care not to be
guilty of grave offences.
[1569]
Morality Based on the Abstinences or Other Factors
1. The mental concomitants of three abstinences (
virati-sīla
), that is, right
speech, right action and right livelihood is explained under the subtitle
“What is morality?”
2. Precepts associated with various mental concomitants (
avirati-sīla
),
such as volition, and so on, other than the mental factors of the three
abstinences.
Morality That Is Dependent or Independent
1. Morality practised depending upon craving or upon wrong view
(
nissita-sīla
). When one observes precepts with the aim of achieving a
happy existence in the future, abounding in wealth and property, one’s
morality is called morality of dependence upon craving. Observance of
precepts or rituals such as imitating cows or dogs in the wrong belief
that they are conducive to spiritual purification is called morality of
dependence upon wrong view.
Those who have embraced Buddhism are not likely to practise the morality
of dependence upon wrong view; but they should guard themselves against
practising the morality of dependence upon craving, which they are still
liable to do.
418
The last volume of the Vinaya, the Summary (
Parivāra
), gives a summary and
classification of the rules in the four previous volumes.