The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2684
which may not lead to the lower planes of existence should be classed as
morality that should be done and not as morality that should not be done.
The division of the eight precepts into four moralities that should be done
(
cāritta-sīla
) and four four moralities that should not be done (
vāritta-sīla
) is
tenable only when the vow of abstinence is made, separately for each individual
precept as is current now. Should the vow be taken for the whole group of the
eight precepts, saying: “I observe the eight precepts,” it would simply be an
observance of morality that should be done (
cāritta-sīla
) because the eight
precepts constitute a code of morality which one may or may not observe.
As for the five precepts, whether the vow is taken for the five precepts as a
whole or as separate individual precepts, its observance is definitely the practice
of morality that should not be done (
vāritta-sīla
).
A more detailed treatment of what should not be done (
vāritta-sīla
) and
what should be done (
cāritta-sīla
) is given below.
Of the two categories of morality (
sīla
), observance of morality that should be
done (
cāritta-sīla
) can be accomplished only when one is endowed with faith
and energy. Faith is believing that good results will follow the good deeds of
practising morality, and energy means the relentless effort with which one
observes the precepts in keeping with his faith.
No special effort is needed to become accomplished in the observance of
morality that should not be done (
vāritta-sīla
). It requires only faith. Mere
refraining through faith from doing deeds which the Buddha has taught are
demeritorious is sufficient for the fulfilment of morality that should not be done.
2. The group of moral practices (
abhisamācārika-sīla
) which promotes good
conduct and
[1566]
which includes all forms of virtuous deeds other than those
classed as a set of eight precepts with right livelihood as the eighth
(
ājīvaṭṭhamaka-sīla
). All forms of moral practices which are taught for the
fulfilment of the paths and the fruitions come under this classification.
Eight Precepts Including the Practice of Right Livelihood
Since it forms the beginning of the life of purity consisting in the path, the set of
eight precepts including the practice of right livelihood (
ājīvaṭṭhamaka-sīla
) is
also termed morality which forms the beginning of the life of purity (
ādi-
brahma-cariyaka-sīla
).