The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2680
In several discourses (DN 16, AN 4.22), etc., the Buddha mentions the following
five benefits gained by one who observes the precepts and who is established in
morality:
1. Based on mindfulness through morality, he acquires great wealth.
2. He gains fame and good reputation.
3. He approaches and enters any assembly of nobles, Brahmins,
householders or recluses with complete self-assurance born of his
morality, without any indication of an inferiority complex.
4. He lives the full span of life and dies unconfused.
An immoral person repents on his death bed that he has not done
meritorious deeds throughout his life; a man of moral habits never suffers
from any remorse when death approaches him; instead, memories of good
deeds previously performed by him flash past his mind’s eye making him
fearless, mentally lucid, unconfused to face death even as someone who is
about to acquire a golden pot gladly abandons an earthen pot.
5. He is reborn after that in the happy realms of Devas and human beings.
In the Discourse about how One might Wish (
Ākaṅkheyya-sutta
, MN 6), the
Buddha enumerates 13 benefits which come from practising morality; such
benefits range from reverence and respect shown by fellow followers of the
teaching to becoming an Arahat, that is, attainment of Awakening.
5. How Many Types of Morality are There?
Morality in Groups of Twos:
1. There are precepts involving a performance of certain actions (
cāritta
); and
precepts of abstention (
vāritta
). Of these two kinds, the precept laid down by the
Buddha saying: “This should be done,” is morality that should be done (
cāritta-
sīla
). For example, performance of duties towards a preceptor (
upajjhāya-vatta
)
or duties towards a teacher (
ācariya-vatta
) is fulfilment of morality that should
be done through practice.
Not doing what is prohibited by the Buddha, saying: “This should not be done,”
is fulfilment of morality that should not be done (
vāritta-sīla
). For example,
observance of the Exclusion (
Pārājika
) Vinaya rules, which
[1564]
prohibit
monastics from indulgence in sexual intercourse, stealing, killing and falsely