The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2656
3. Gifts made at the right time, on the proper occasion (
kāla-dāna
).
415
4. Gifts made with a view to rendering assistance to the recipient or to
show kindness to him (
anuggaha-dāna
).
5. Gifts made without affecting, in any way, one’s dignity and the dignity
of others (
anupaghāta-dāna
).
All of these five kinds of gifts give rise to great wealth, riches and prosperity. In
addition, gifts made with faith (
saddhā-dāna
) result in a fair, handsome
appearance. As a result of gifts made after preperation (
sakkacca-dāna
), one’s
followers and attendants are attentive and obedient. Resulting from being given
at the right time (
kāla-dāna
) are benefits that come at the right time and in
abundance. As a result of gifts offering assistance (
anuggaha-dāna
), one is well
disposed to enjoy the fruits of one’s good deeds and is able to do so in full. As a
result of gifts that do no harm (
anupaghāta-dāna
), one’s property is fully
protected against the five destructive elements of water, fire, kings, thieves and
unloved heirs.
The opposites of these five kinds of gifts
are not mentioned in the texts, but it
may be assumed that the five corresponding gifts
made by people with no
virtues would be as follows:
1. Gifts
made without believing in the law of cause and effect (
asaddhiya-
dāna
), just to imitate others’ gifts
or to escape from being censured or
reviled.
Such a gift
will produce wealth and riches for the supporter, but he will
not be bestowed with a fine appearance.
2. Gifts
made without seeing carefully that the gift to be offered is
properly prepared, fresh, wholesome and clean (
asakkacca-dāna
).
Wealth and riches will accrue from such gifts, but the supporter will not
receive obedience and discipline from his subordinates.
3. Gifts
made at an inappropriate time (
akāla-dāna
).
415
When it is the meal-time, alms food is offered; when it is the
Kaṭhina
season, robes
are offered, and so on.