The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2636
delight, exulting: “I have an elderly venerable of long standing as my recipient.”
Such generosity, affected by the personality of the recipient, cannot be a perfect
offering made with the whole community of monastics in mind.
Only if one can accept the representative nominated in turn by the Saṅgha
without any misgiving – without concerning oneself about whether the recipient
is a novice or a monastic, a young monastic or an elderly monastic, an ignorant
monastic or a learned monastic – and one makes one’s offering, thinking only: “I
make my offering to the Saṅgha, with full
[1539]
reverence to the Saṅgha,” does
one make a true offering made with the whole community of monastics in mind
(
Saṅghika-dāna
).
There is something that happened on the other side of the ocean, in India. A rich
householder, who had already donated a monastery, intended to make an
offering to the Saṅgha. After making the necessary preparations, he went to the
Saṅgha and addressed them: “Venerable sirs, may you designate someone to
receive my offering for the Saṅgha?” It happened that it was the turn of an
immoral monastic to represent the Saṅgha for alms. Although the man knew
well that the designated monastic was immoral, he treated him with full respect:
The seat for the monastic was prepared as for a ceremonious occasion,
decorated with a canopy overhead, and scented with flowers and perfumes. He
washed the feet of the monastic and anointed them with oil very reverentially as
if he were attending upon the person of the Buddha himself. He then made his
offering to the monastic paying full homage to the Saṅgha.
That afternoon, the immoral monastic went back to the house and standing at
the doorway asked for a hoe, which he needed to make some repairs in the
monastery. The supporter of the monastery did not even bother to get up from
his seat; he simply pushed the hoe towards the monastic with his feet. The
members of his family then asked him: “Respected sir, this morning you heaped
upon this monastic so much veneration; now you have shown him not even a
small part of that deference. What is the difference between the morning and
the afternoon in your attitude towards the monastic?” The man replied: “My
dear ones, the respect I was showing this morning was towards the Saṅgha, not
to this immoral monastic.”
Offerings to Individuals and the Saṅgha
There are some people who maintain that if some person should approach one
for alms and if one knew beforehand that the person was of bad morality, one