The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2618
Teaching the Dhamma in the form of talks, lectures, etc. is giving the gift of
Dhamma. The Buddha said that this is the noblest of all types of giving.
This classification of giving into two types is made according to the objects
offered.
In relation to this division of types of giving, it is necessary to look into the
question of what type of giving accrues to one who erects relic shrines (
stūpa
)
and statues of Buddha.
There are some who maintain that although making shrines and statues of
Buddha involves relinquishing a large amount of wealth, it cannot be an act of
generosity (
dāna
) because they say for an act of giving to become
dāna
, three
conditions must be fulfilled: 1) There must be a recipient; 2) there must be an
object for offering; and 3) there must be a supporter. In making shrines and
statues of Buddha, there is obviously the supporter, but who receives his gift,
they ask? In the absence of anyone to receive the gift, how can it be an act of
generosity (
dāna
)?
From their point of view, the shrines and Buddha statues are not objects to be
given as an act of
dāna,
but rather they serve as aids to the recollection of the
attributes of the Buddha. A builder of shrines and Buddha statues has no
particular receiver in mind when giving them away. He builds them to help
produce vivid visualization of the Buddha in the mind of the devotees so as to
enable them to practise the recollection of the virtues of the Buddha. It should,
therefore, be considered, they maintain, that erecting shrines and Buddha statues
is related to the Recollection of the Buddha (
Buddhānussati
) meditation, and is
not an act of generosity.
There are, again, some people who maintain that as the person who builds
shrines and installs Buddha statues undertakes these works in order to honour, to
make homage to, the most Arahat Buddha, his act must be considered as an act
of honouring the Buddha (
apacāyana
), one of the ten qualities contributing to
merit (
puñña-kiriya-vatthu
). They further say that since this kind of merit:
honouring those who are worthy of honour, is a practice of morality (
cāritta-
sīla
), it should come under the observance of morality (
sīla
) and not under the
cultivation of the Recollection of the Buddha meditation.
But neither the merit of the Recollection of the Buddha meditation nor the merit
of honouring
[1528]
(
apacāyana
) involves relinquishing of objects of offering;