The Second Treatise on the Perfections – 2607
characteristics, functions, manifestations and proximate causes of the
perfections that one will have a clear understanding of them. Therefore, we find
in the commentary to the Basket of Conduct (
Cariyā-piṭaka
) a separate chapter
on the characteristics, functions, manifestations and proximate causes of the
perfections.
409
A feature common to all the ten perfections is that they have the characteristic
of serving the interest of others. Their function is providing assistance to others
(
kicca-rasa
) and being endowed with steadfastness or prosperity, success,
fulfilment (
samāpatti-rasa
). Their manifestation is the recurring phenomenon
of the quest for the welfare and benefit of beings, or the recurring phenomenon
of appearing in the mind of the Bodhisatta that it is a useful means of becoming
a Buddha. Their proximate cause is great compassion, or great compassion and
skilfulness as to means and ways.
It is necessary to provide a few explanations on the above definitions.
Characteristic (
lakkhaṇa
) has two aspects: the ordinary feature of each thing,
i.e., the feature applicable to others also (
samañña-sabhāva
) and the peculiar
feature, which is not applicable to others (
visesa-sabhāva
). For example,
amongst the material qualities, the earth-element of the four great elements has
two characteristics: impermanence and hardness. Of these, the characteristic of
impermanence is a feature applicable to other elements and is thus an ordinary
feature only (
samañña-sabhāva
), whereas the characteristic of hardness is the
unique feature of the earth-element only, it is not shared by others, and is thus
its special feature (
visesa-sabhāva
).
Function (
rasa
) has also two aspects to it, the function of what is to be
performed (
kicca-rasa
) and fulfilment, attainment (
sampatti-rasa
). For example,
when meritoriousness arises, it does so after counteracting or obliterating
demeritoriousness. Thus, it is said that the function of meritoriousness is the
counteracting of demeritoriousness. The final fulfilment of a meritorious act is
production of beneficial results; thus the function of meritoriousness is the
attainment of beneficial results.
409
See the Miscellaneous Talk (
Pakiṇṇaka-kathā
) of the commentary to the Basket of
Conduct (
Cariyā-piṭaka
).