The First Treatise on the Perfections – 2592
When he becomes a Buddha, his function of taming and teaching is
accomplished by benefitting all beings with these same four objects of support
which have been developed to the utmost through fulfilment of the four
foundations.
For the Buddha, the act of generosity is brought to completion by the foundation
of abandoning; kindly speech by the foundation of truthfulness; beneficial
conduct by the foundation of wisdom; and a sense of equality by the foundation
of tranquillity.
Concerning these four foundations and four objects of support, the commentary
on the
Cariyā-piṭaka
gives four verses eulogizing the attributes of the Buddha
(CpA, PTS 329):
Sacco cāgī upasanto paññavā anukampako,
sambhata-sabba-sambhāro kaṁ nāmatthaṁ na sādhaye.
The Buddha, who has reached the height of accomplishment in the
fourfold foundation of truthfulness, who is fully accomplished in the
foundation of abandoning, who has extinguished the fires of the
defilements, who is possessed of omniscience and who looks after beings
with great compassion, being equipped with all the requisites of the
foundations, what is there that he cannot achieve?
Maha-kāruṇiko Satthā hitesī ca upekkhako,
nirapekkho ca sabbattha, aho acchariyo Jino.
The Buddha, as the teacher of Devas and humans, being a person of great
[107]
compassion, seeks the welfare of beings till their realization of
Nibbāna. He remains equanimous when faced with the vicissitudes of life.
Free from craving for, and attachment to, everything within his body or
without, how wonderful is the Buddha who conquers the five deaths
(
māra
).
The five deaths (
māra
): 1) The Deva who challenged the Buddha for
position on the seat of wisdom by surrounding him with a huge army of his
followers (
Deva-putta-māra
); 2) the mental defilements (
kilesa-māra
); 3)
the volitions which lead to rebirth (
abhisaṅkhāra-māra
); 4) the aggregates
of mind and matter (
nāma-rūpa
) which materialize in all the existences
before the attainment of Nibbāna (
khandha-māra
); and 5) death (
maccu-
māra
).