The First Treatise on the Perfections – 2582
the knowledge of skilful means (
upāya-kosalla-ñāṇa
), and so on, which
have arisen earlier in the mental continuum of the Bodhisatta.
In his existences as a Bodhisatta, he remains with the earlier forms of
wisdom such as knowledge of skilful means, and so on. It is only when he
becomes a Buddha that he is firmly established on the supporting
foundation of the Arahat fruition insight and omniscience. Hence all the
various kinds of aforesaid wisdom constitute the foundation of wisdom
(
paññādhiṭṭhāna
).
For the ignorant common worldlings, who have only sense objects and sense
desires to rely on, these sense objects and sense desires constitute their
foundation. As for the Bodhisatta who clearly sees the danger in them, he
establishes himself on the four supporting foundations of truth, charity,
tranquillity and wisdom, which lead from these sense objects and sense desires
to freedom, which is Nibbāna. Therefore, these four factors constitute the
supporting foundations for the Bodhisatta.
How Fulfilment of the Four Foundations Occurs
After receiving the definite prophecy of becoming a Buddha, the Bodhisatta
investigates the perfections by means of perfection-investigating knowledge
(
pāramī-pavicaya-ñāṇa
). Having done so, he makes a vow to fulfil all the
perfections, then he proceeds to fulfil them all in keeping with this vow. Thus
the foundation of truthfulness (
saccādhiṭṭhāna
) becomes manifest in the mental
continuum of the Bodhisatta.
While perfections are being fulfilled, there occurs an abandoning of defilements,
which oppose them, and there also occurs an abandoning of sense objects and
sense desires. Thus, the foundation of abandoning (
cāgādhiṭṭhāna
) also becomes
manifest.
As there is an extinction of defilements by virtue of the perfections, the
foundation of wisdom (
paññādhiṭṭhāna
) also becomes manifest.
Through these same perfections, the Bodhisatta becomes endowed with
knowledge of skilful means (
upāya-kosalla-ñāṇa
) and the foundation of wisdom
(
paññādhiṭṭhāna
) also becomes manifest.
Whenever he fulfils the ten perfections or the six perfections, or whenever
he performs a meritorious deed related to the perfections, there become
manifest in the mental continuum of the Bodhisatta: 1) The foundation of