The First Treatise on the Perfections – 2507
produce a favourable existence endowed with wealth and prosperity. Generosity
is possible only when there exists something for one to offer.
The same
consideration applies to all the remaining perfections.
2. Founded on great compassion and knowledge of skilful means, wholesome
physical and verbal conduct is called the perfection of morality. In terms of
Abhidhamma, it means abstention from wrongdoings that should not be
committed (
viratī cetasika
) and volition (
cetanā
) to perform different duties
that should be performed.
1. It has the characteristic of not allowing one’s physical and verbal
actions to become wrong but of keeping them orientated towards the
wholesome, and has the characteristic of serving as a foundation for all
good deeds.
2. Its function is to prevent one from indulging in moral depravities, such
as the three wrong physical actions and the four wrong verbal actions;
or it helps one attain a virtuous state with spotless and blameless
conduct.
3. It manifests as purity in word and deed when the yogi reflects on its
nature.
4. Its proximate cause is conscience (
hirī
) and concern (
ottapa
) not to do
evil.
3. Founded on great compassion and knowledge of skilful means, the group of
consciousnesses and mental concomitants which aspire after emancipation from
sensual existences, after perceiving the faults of the objects of sense-desire
(
vatthu-kāma
), the mental defilements of greed and for various existences, is the
perfection of renunciation.
1. It has the characteristic of emancipation from sense-desire and from
sensual existence.
2. Its function is to bring out their faults.
3. Its manifestation is realization by the yogi that it is turning away, or
withdrawing from these states of sensual existence.
4. It has the knowledge of spiritual urgency (
saṁvega-ñāṇa
) as its
proximate cause.