Miscellaneous Topics – 2302
Certain Teachers
In stating the different views of various teachers in the treatises, they are
mentioned as certain theories (
eke vāda
) or other theories (
aññe
vāda
)
when these teachers have qualifications worthy to be the author’s teacher;
when they have qualifications equal to his, the author describes their views
as secondary theories (
apare vāda
); when they are inferior to him, he
refers to theirs as some theories (
keci vāda
).
This traditional way of recording is handed down generation after
generation: “Certain” or “other” means those worthy to be the author’s
teachers; “secondary” means those with qualifications equal to those of the
author, and “some” implies those inferior to him.
[101]
As to how the fulfilment of the four foundations – the foundations of
truthfulness (
saccādhiṭṭhāna
), abandoning (
cāgādhiṭṭhāna
), tranquillity
(
upasamādhiṭṭhāna
), wisdom (
paññādhiṭṭhāna
) – take place in the Bodhisatta’s
last existence, certain (
eke
) teachers maintain that the four foundations are
already fulfilled at the time when the Bodhisatta is conceived.
Just as the Bodhisatta’s conception takes place in his last existence only
when the perfections are completely fulfilled, so also does it take place
only when the four foundations reach complete fulfilment.
The explanation given by certain (
eke
) teachers: Having completely fulfilled the
foundation of wisdom at the time of descending into his mother’s womb, while
remaining there for ten months and when emerging from it, the Bodhisatta is
bound to possess mindfulness and clear comprehension.
Ordinary worldlings are not aware of their descending into their mother’s womb,
nor are they aware of remaining there and emerging from it at birth. The 80
future disciples are aware of descending into their mothers’ wombs, but they are
not aware of remaining there or of emerging from them; the two future chief
disciples and future Paccekabuddhas are aware of their descending into their
mothers’ wombs, and of remaining there, but not of emerging from them at birth.
True, these future chief disciples and future Paccekabuddhas, when the time
draws near for their births, are flung in a tumble by internal pressure of the
womb towards the external genital orifice, as if plunged into a very deep chasm.
Then they undergo extreme suffering in emerging from the genital orifice, just
like the big elephant would if it were to push its way through a keyhole.
Therefore, these future chief disciples and future Paccekabuddhas are unable to