The Life Stories of the Nuns – 2107
asked, see the Third Discourse concerning Sāriputta and Koṭṭhita (
Tatiya-
sāriputta-koṭṭhika-suttaṁ
, SN 44.5).
[1389]
In the sixth discourse of the same Thematic Discourses, the Fourth
Discourse concerning Sāriputta and Koṭṭhita (
Catuttha-sāriputta-koṭṭhika-
suttaṁ
, SN 44.6), the four questions are dealt with adequately.
In the Discourse about Khemā (
Khemā-sutta
, SN 44.1), Ven. Khemā’s answer
was somewhat different; it had the undercurrent of reference to the Buddha.
This was because she knew that the questioner, the Kosalan King, had the
Buddha in mind when asking the four questions. So, Ven. Khemā’s answer in
essence was: The Buddha, by getting rid of the cause of the five aggregates, got
rid of the five aggregates so that what was usually called a “sentient being” was
not coming into being after his death. He was freed from a future set of five
aggregates, therefore, there was nothing that might be referred to as a being or a
person. Since the Buddha knew this, a sentient being after death was irrelevant
for him to speak of. Therefore, he remained silent about the four questions.
One might argue thus: Since the Buddha would not acquire a fresh set of the five
aggregates, it is understandable that he refused to answer the first question:
“Does a sentient being exist after death?” But why did he refuse to answer the
second question: “Does a sentient being not exist after death?” Shouldn’t he say:
“No, it does not”? He refused to answer this question too because a “sentient
being” is not a real thing in the ultimate sense.
302
The Discourse about Khemā
(
Khemā-sutta
, SN 44.1) is one of the most profound in the Dhamma. It is a
matter for further inquiry for the virtuous.
Foremost Title Achieved
The discourse to the Kosalan King at Toraṇa was the immediate cause of Ven.
Khemā’s being designated by the Buddha as the foremost female monastic in
possession of profound knowledge. On one occasion, when the Buddha was
residing at the Jetavana monastery, in a monastic congregation, while naming
outstanding nuns as foremost in their own areas of proficiency, he declared:
Etad-aggaṁ bhikkhave mama sāvikānaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ
mahā-paññānaṁ yad-idaṁ Khemā.
302
This is the explanation given in the sub-commentary.