The Life Stories of the Monks – 1946
the third skull, and Vaṅgīsa said: “Reverend Gotama, that person is now reborn
in the Deva realm.” All three revelations were correct.
When, however, the Buddha pointed out to the fourth skull and tested Vaṅgīsa’s
skill, the Brahmin youth was in a quandary. Although he repeatedly rapped the
skull and reflected on it, he could make neither head nor tail of the present
existence of the person whose skull it was.
The Buddha asked: “Vaṅgīsa, are you at your wit’s end?” – “Wait on, Reverend
Gotama,” said Vaṅgīsa, “let me try again.” He made further attempts, with more
recitals of his famous mantra and more vain rappings on the skull. He found that
the matter was clearly beyond his capability. Beads of sweat flowed down from
his forehead. Looking a complete fool, the great Vaṅgīsa remained silent.
“Do you find it tiring, Vaṅgīsa?” asked the Buddha. “Verily, reverend Gotama, I
find it most tiring. I cannot say the designation of the person whose skull it was.
If your reverence knows it, kindly tell me.” – “Vaṅgīsa,” said the Buddha, “I
know this being, and much more, too.” Then the Buddha uttered the following
two verses (Dhp 419-420):
Cutiṁ yo vedi sattānaṁ, upapattiṁ ca sabbaso,
asattaṁ Bhagavaṁ Buddhaṁ, tam-ahaṁ brūmi brāhmaṇaṁ.
Vaṅgīsa, he who knows clearly the death and rebirth of beings in all
respects, who is free from attachment, who has walked the right path and
realized Nibbāna, who knows the four noble truths, him I call a Brahmin.
[1288]
Yassa gatiṁ na jānanti, devā Gandhabba-mānusā,
khīṇāsavaṁ Arahantaṁ, tam-ahaṁ brūmi Brāhmaṇaṁ.
Vaṅgīsa, he whose destination the Devas of the celestial abodes or the
Gandhabbas of the terrestrial abodes, or men know, who has destroyed the
four kinds of the pollutants, and is an Arahat, him I call a Brahmin.
In the present situation these verses, which are from the Dhamma Verses
(
Dhammapada
), were uttered for the benefit of Vaṅgīsa to let him know
that the fourth skull belonged to an Arahat whose destination after death
is not found in any of the five kinds of destinations.
Then Vaṅgīsa, the youth, said to the Buddha: “Reverend Gotama, there is no loss
to him who exchanges a mantra for a mantra. I will give you my skull (
chava-