The Life Stories of the Monks – 1888
1) He follows the middle path (
majjhima-paṭipadā
) which avoids the two
evil extremes; 2) following the method which has Dhamma itself as his
objective (
Dhammadhiṭṭhāna
), one says: “This is the thing to be praised.
This is the thing to be censured.” If following the method which considers
making reference to a certain person (
puggalādhiṭṭhāna-dhamma-desanā
),
one says: “He is the person to be praised,” and this amounts to flattering;
and if one says: “He is the person to be censured,” this amounts to
humiliation. Hence he avoids both flattery and humiliation; 3)
development of internal happiness (
ajjhatta-sukha
) after distinguishing
between the two
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kinds of happiness; internal happiness derived
from tranquillity (
samatha
) and insight (
vipassanā
) meditation and
external happiness (
bahiddha-sukha
) derived from the five senses; 4)
speaking of any person, either in his presence or in his absence only, if
one’s speech is truthful and profitable; 5) speaking or teaching not in haste
but smoothly; and 6) not arguing in a foreign land about a foreign
language, which may be different from one’s native language.
With regard to being worthy of excellent gifts (
dakkhiṇeyya etad-agga
),
other Arahats were also worthy of receiving excellent gifts, but on
receiving food at every house, Ven. Subhūti was aware that: “If I do in this
way, special benefits will accrue to the supporters.” Therefore, he first
meditated on loving-kindness, then rose from his meditation and received
the food. This, therefore, earned him the foremost amongst those worthy
of receiving excellent gifts.
In this connection, it should be mentioned that the Captain of the Dhamma,
Ven. Sāriputta, did the cleansing of the objects. “Cleansing of the object”
means: “Cleansing of one’s own self,” so that one becomes worthy of the
gift and the enhancement of its result. In this connection, it may be stated
that Ven. Sāriputta, the Captain of the Dhamma, used to purify the object,
and by “the object” is meant Ven. Sāriputta’s own self, that was worthy of
the gift and that was what enhanced the result of the gift through his
engagement in the attainment of cessation (
nirodha-samāpatti
).
Ven. Subhūti, however, purified the act of giving and by “the act of giving”
this is meant: When Ven. Subhūti engaged in meditation on loving-
kindness, the supporters mentally reacted to his meditation; their hearts
became softer and their respect more enthusiastic before they made the
offering. Hence the purification of the charitable act and the development
of its result took place also through the supporter, as the supporter is led by
his mental tenderness and highly developed respect.