42: The Attributes of the Three Treasures – 1750
and mental uneasiness are stilled. When there is serenity of mind and mental
concomitants, happiness that causes the arising of concentration becomes
pronounced. The thought-process, being enriched by happiness, is firmly fixed
on the object of meditation, the Saṅgha.
Thus, the factors involved in meditation, beginning with initial application of
the mind, become more and more efficient stage by stage. The mind is neither
lethargic nor distracted so that the medium attitude in mental exercise is
maintained and the five faculties, such as faith, are functioning in harmony. The
five factors of absorption (
jhāna
): initial application of the mind, sustained
application of the mind, delightful satisfaction, happiness and one-pointedness
of mind, arise simultaneously at every thought moment with the great
meritorious consciousness of the contemplation of the Saṅgha which is mental
cultivation pertaining to the sensuous sphere. Thus access concentration
(
upacāra-jhāna
) is achieved. When this concentration arises together with the
great meritorious consciousness of the contemplation of the Saṅgha, which is
mental cultivation pertaining to the sensuous sphere, the yogi is called one who
has achieved access concentration via the contemplation of the Saṅgha.
The Benefits of Contemplating the Saṅgha
The virtuous one, who repeatedly contemplates the Saṅgha, becomes
exceptionally devoted to the Saṅgha comparable to the noble ones’ devotion to
the Saṅgha. He gains a stable mindfulness, a profound wisdom, and much merit.
He becomes possessed of delightful satisfaction, at first of the feeble kind, but
later of an ecstatic kind. He becomes indifferent to fearful things, great or small.
He becomes tolerant to pain. He feels that he is always in the company of the
Saṅgha. His mind is always ennobled by the awareness of the attributes of the
Saṅgha so that his body is like the boundary halls (
sīma
) where the Saṅgha are
being assembled, and therefore is worthy of veneration. His mind is bent on
acquiring the attributes of the Saṅgha. Being constantly aware of the attributes
of the Saṅgha, he feels like he is in the very presence of the Saṅgha and is
incapable of committing any evil, through shame and dread to do it, whenever
occasion for it arises. Making the contemplation of the Saṅgha as the bases, one
may, after gaining concentration, meditate for gaining insight into conditioned
phenomena with facility and succeed in it. If he does not attain path and fruit in