42: The Attributes of the Three Treasures – 1749
9. They are an unsurpassed field of merit for the world (
anuttaraṁ
puññakkhettaṁ lokassa
): Unsurpassed (
anuttaraṁ
); there is no better field for
sowing merit than the noble Saṅgha (
atthi ito uttaran-ti anuttaraṁ
). Although
by definition “there is no better field than the noble Saṅgha,” but, in fact there is
not even any field of merit equal to the noble Saṅgha. Hence this attribute has
been rendered as “unsurpassed field of merit for the world.”
Field (
khetta
) means a field for the cultivation of crops. Field of merit
(
puñña-
khetta
) means a field where merit is cultivated, a metaphor for the noble Saṅgha.
Just as a field nurtures the seeds sown in it, so also the noble Saṅgha nurtures the
seeds of good deeds sown in them. Here the Saṅgha nurtures the good deeds of
the supporters through the morality, concentration and wisdom which are like
the nutrients of the soil. Thus the noble Saṅgha bestows great merit to the good
deeds done towards them, and are called the field that nurtures the seeds of
merit.
A field where the king sows his seeds is called the king’s field. Likewise, the
noble Saṅgha where all the three worlds sow their seeds of merit is called the
unsurpassed field where the whole world sows their seeds of merit (
anuttaraṁ
puññakkhettaṁ lokassa
).
Contemplation of the Saṅgha
The yogi who wishes to contemplate the Saṅgha should commit to memory the
nine attributes of the Saṅgha in Pāḷi and its translation as given above. He
should recite each of them, such as good in their practice (
suppaṭipanno
), at a
speed that is neither too slow nor too fast, reflecting on its meaning. One who
reflects on the attributes of the Saṅgha, while doing so, prevents the arising of
thoughts of lust, hatred and delusion, besides gaining concentration which clears
the mind of lethargy and distraction, and rendering it possible for a righteous
thought-process to arise through equanimity.
[1144]
As the concentration gets stronger through this meditation practice, the
hindrances fall off and consequently the defilements are quelled. The five
faculties, such as faith (
saddhā
), become very pure and effective. The repeated
reflection on the Saṅgha sharpens the initial application of the mind and the
sustained application of the mind. When these two factors are functioning well,
delightful satisfaction arises. Due to the delightful satisfaction, serenity of
mental concomitants and serenity of mind arise, as the result of which, physical