42: The Attributes of the Three Treasures – 1731
the middle. Since proper practice leads to the Arahat fruition, the result of the
practice is excellent at the end. In this way is the doctrine (
pariyatti
) excellent in
the beginning, in the middle and at the end, and therefore it is truly acclaimed as
well-proclaimed (
svākkhāto
).
The Buddha’s doctrine (
pariyatti
) clearly marks out two modes of the practice,
the practice conforming to the teaching (
sāsana-brahma-cariya
), and the noble
practice of the path (
magga-brahma-cariya
). Of those two, the first refers
ordinarily to the threefold training and kindred teachings while the second
refers to the very essence of the threefold training and the successful measure of
the threefold training: the noble path (
ariya-magga
). In teaching these two
modes of the practice, the Buddha defined the noble practice in terms of the
deepest significance in meaning. For instance, if a religious teacher were to give
emphasis on such mundane words as gruel, rice, or men or women, these terms
do not have any intrinsic value that can lead to the ending of the suffering of the
round of existence. So such words do not carry any significant meaning from a
truly religious point of view. The Buddha rejects giving emphasis on these
mundane terms but expounds the four foundations of steadfast mindfulness
(
satipaṭṭhāna
), the four earnest endeavours (
sammappadhāna
), etc. in detail
which have the effect of gaining release from the round of
[1133]
existences.
Thus, the doctrine (
pariyatti
) defines the noble practice in these significant
absolute terms, replete with profound meaning.
[A section here on the rules of proninciation has been moved to the
Further Explanations.]
The doctrine expounded by the Buddha is perfect because it contains the five
qualities: morality, concentration, wisdom, emancipation and insight leading to
emancipation so that there is no essential thing or no other element to add to it.
Again, the doctrine expounded by the Buddha is perfect in the sense that there is
nothing that is harmful and is to be discarded, for it has no trace of the defiling
things such as wrong views or conceit, but is purely productive of liberation
from the suffering round of existences. In another sense, there is no flaw
whatsoever in this doctrine, since it is not something that is delivered to anyone
with an eye on material gain or for fame and applause. Therefore, it is pure in
all aspects.