42: The Attributes of the Three Treasures – 1705
The the Path of Purification (
Visuddhi-magga
) explains
loka-vidū
in two ways:
1. Under the first method,
loka
is interpreted as the five aggregates that are
clung to. These five are understood:
1. As suffering (
dukkha
).
2. As originating in craving (
taṇhā
).
3. As ceasing when Nibbāna is realized.
4. As the noble path that is the true path leading to Nibbāna, the cessation
of the aggregates.
Thus
loka-vidū
means the Buddha has complete knowledge about the five
aggregates that are clung to.
In knowing about the world of the five aggregates that are clung to, the Buddha
knows not only the five aggregates but knows them in their four aspects that
make his knowledge complete and perfect. The four aspects are:
1. He understands that the five aggregates that are clung to are suffering
indeed (
dukkha
).
2. He understands the originating aspect of these five aggregates, that
craving is the origin of the five aggregates.
3. He understands Nibbāna, the cessation aspect of the five aggregates.
4. He understands the way leading to cessation, the noble path.
Thus the Buddha has a complete understanding of the five aggregates that are
clung to. That is why the Buddha is called
loka-vidū
. Under the first method, the
complete all-round knowledge from the four aspects of the five aggregates of
clinging is the attribute of
loka-vidū
. The five aggregates of the Buddha is the
possessor of that attribute.
2. Although the first method of interpretation is complete about the world of the
five aggregates, the method does not describe
loka
fully yet. Therefore, the
commentary gives a second interpretation.
Under the second method,
loka
is taken to mean the world of sentient beings
(
satta-loka
), the world of conditioned phenomena (
saṅkhāra-loka
) and the
world constituting the bases for the various planes of existence (
okāsa-loka
).