41a: After the Passing of the Buddha – 1649
The First Council
[This section has been moved here from the story about Ven. Ānanda. It is
based on the Council of the Five Hundred (
Pañca-satikakkhandhaka
, Vin
Kandh 21), and its commentary.]
Ven. Mahā Kassapa remembered the special recognition shown by the Buddha
to him. “The Fortunate One exchanged his double robe with me. He declared to
the monastics: ‘Monastics, in abiding in the first absorption (
jhāna
), Kassapa is
my equal; and so on,’ thus extolling my power of absorption (
jhāna
) attainments
with reference to the successively higher absorptions, which embraced the nine
absorption attainments that require abiding at each of the progressive levels, as
well as the five supernormal powers.
Again, the Fortunate One remained in mid-air, and waving his hand, declared,
that: ‘In the matter of detachment to the four types of followers, Kassapa is
unequalled,’ and that: ‘In the attitude of equanimity, Kassapa conducts himself
like the moon.’ These words of praise are truly unparalleled. I must live up to
these attributes in no other way but by undertaking to convene a Saṅgha Council
for reciting the Dhamma and the Discipline for their preservation.
Inasmuch as a king appoints his eldest son heir-apparent, conferring all his own
regal paraphernalia and authority on the son with a view to perpetuating his
sovereignty, so also the Fortunate One had indeed praised me so lavishly, in such
extraordinary ways, seeing that I, Kassapa, would be able to perpetuate his
teaching.”
After pondering deeply thus, Ven. Mahā Kassapa related to the monastic
congregation the sacrilegious words of Subhadda, the old monastic and made
this proposal: “Now, friends, before immorality has gained ground and becomes
an obstruction to the Dhamma, before infamy has gained ground and becomes
an obstruction to the Discipline, before upholders of immorality have gained
strength, before upholders of the good doctrine have become weak, before
upholders of infamy have gained strength, and before upholders of the
Discipline have become weak, let us recite in unison the Doctrine and the
Discipline and preserve them.”
On hearing his animated appeal, the congregation said to him: “Ven. Kassapa,
may the venerable one select the monastics to carry out the reciting of the
Doctrine and the Discipline.” Ven. Mahā Kassapa then selected 499 Arahats