40b: The Last Days 2, In Vajji – 1557
the taint of craving for continued existence, and the taint of ignorance of the
four noble truths.”
The Four Great Authorities
Then after staying at Bhaṇḍu village for as long as he wished, the Buddha said to
Ven. Ānanda: “Come, Ānanda, let us go to Hatthi village, to Amba village, to
Jamba village, and thence to the town of Bhoga.”
“Very well, venerable sir,” said Ven. Ānanda, and the Buddha, accompanied by
a large following of monastics, arrived at the town of Bhoga, where he dwelled
at the Ānanda shrine. During his sojourn there, the Buddha discoursed to the
monastics on the four great authorities, which are the principles to assess the
doctrines that are being taught by persons of high esteem:
1. “Monastics, in this teaching, if a monastic should say thus: ‘Friends, I have
heard this exposition from the mouth of the Fortunate One, such and such is the
Discourses (
Dhamma
); such and such is the Discipline (
Vinaya
); such and such is
the teaching of the Buddha.’
Monastics, the words of that monastic should not be readily accepted or readily
rejected. The words and phrases stated by him and attributed to the Buddha
should be carefully noted. They should be collated with the Discourses and
compared with the Discipline.
If, on collation with the Discourses and comparison with the Discipline, the
words and phrases, as stated by the monastic, do not agree with the Discourses
or are not in line with the Discipline, then it must be concluded that: “This
certainly is not what the Fortunate One said. It is something wrongly learnt by
the monastic.’ And concluding thus, monastics, those words should be rejected
and ignored.
[1045]
If, on the other hand, the words and phrases, as stated by the monastic, on being
collated with the Discourses and compared with the Discipline, are found to
agree with the Discourses and are in line with the Discipline, then it must be
concluded that: ‘This certainly is what the Fortunate One said. It is something
correctly learnt by the monastic.’ Monastics, remember well this first principle
regarding assertions attributed to a great authority.
2. And then, monastics, in the teaching, if a monastic should say thus: ‘Here is
such and such monastery where the community of monastics has an elder in