40b: The Last Days 2, In Vajji – 1525
into the absorption of fruition-attainment (
phala-samāpatti
) and go on
prolonging his life by ten-month periods up to the end of the present aeon
which is marked by five Buddhas. Yet the Buddha did not choose to do so.
Why not? The Buddha probably had thought thus: human beings with
corporeality born of productive deeds are subject to decay. The Buddhas
do not wish to present themselves with their decrepit bodies which
naturally show after the four-fifths of the lifespan has passed. That is why
it is customary for all Buddhas to pass away when they have attained four-
fifths of the lifespan, when their physical appearance is still firm and
inspiring for the devotees.
There is also another practical consideration: if a Buddha were to survive
most of his great disciples and were surrounded by youthful monastics, the
people would say: “Oh! What sort of disciples the Buddha has!” Thus, Ven.
Mahāsīva maintained the practical considerations that Buddhas take into
account in not exercising their power of living till the end of the aeon.
However, Ven. Mahāsiva’s views were not accepted by the commentators,
who take lifespan as the meaning of
āyu
-
kappa
on the authority of the
commentary on the Collection of the Long Discourses (
Dīgha-nikāya
).
The view of Ven. Mahāsīva was also rejected by the sub-commentary on
the Collection of the Long Discourses (
Dīgha-nikāya
), where it says: “Ven.
Mahāsiva’s view contains a statement that human beings are subject to
decay, which implies that decay cannot be postponed by psychic power. In
that case, it also implies that death cannot be prevented by psychic power.
Therefore, the argument is inherently unsound. Only the view taken by the
commentary should be taken as the sound view, and not that of Ven.
Mahāsīva.”
In this matter, Ven. Mahāsīva would appear to take only one point as
primary consideration, and that is, that a Bodhisatta’s resultant-
kamma
, in
his last existence, has the power to prolong life for an infinite period. And
that view coupled with the authority of the Pāḷi text that the life-
maintaining fruition-attainment (
phala-samāpatti
) of Buddhas can
postpone fatal ailment, leads Ven. Mahāsīva to claim that if the Buddha so
wishes, he might live on throughout the end of the present aeon.
Even though the resultant-
kamma
of a Bodhisatta in his last existence is
supposed to prolong life for an infinite period, that infinite period can be
literally true only if the prevailing lifespan is also an infinite period, but if
the prevailing lifespan is 100 years, that so-called infinite period can last
just 100 years. That is so because the power of productive deeds (
kamma
)