40b: The Last Days 2, In Vajji – 1502
kind of name he builds up for himself. All the four kinds of assemblies see him
in that light only.
Similarly, in the case of a monastic who lacks moral virtue, ill repute follows
that monastic who is loose in monastic morality, does not take up serious
learning of the good doctrine, makes a living by the practice of medicine, or
similar methods of livelihood abhorred by the Buddha, and his behaviour is
marked by six kinds of disrespect, which spreads among the four kinds of
assemblies.
[1012]
3. An immoral lay person is always pricked by a guilty conscience for the
misdeeds he has done. Therefore, he does not dare to face the crowd. “Someone
there might recognize me,” he fears, “and I might be apprehended and sent to
the authorities.” That is why, in any of the four kinds of assemblies, he holds his
face down and his shoulders stooping, and uneasily keeps on scratching the earth
with a stick. He keeps his mouth shut as far as possible.
Likewise, an immoral monastic feels uneasy to face an assembly which might
have knowledge of his misdeeds, in which case he might have to face
punishment under the Vinaya process such as expulsion. Therefore, he goes into
the assembly with great misgivings and speaks little. Some immoral monastic,
however, might put up a bold face and might wander around in the Saṅgha, but
in his heart he is feeling miserable only.
4. An immoral person, whether lay or monastic, may put up pretences while
living but, on his death bed, his evil deeds appear before him in their respective
sense spheres. He feebly opens his eyes to see the present world, and then closes
his eyes to see his oncoming world where he finds no solace whatever. His
imminent destination, the four worlds of the downfall (
apāya
), becomes vividly
clear to him. He feels great pangs of conscience as if thrust by 100 spears on his
head. “Help me! Help me!” he screams in desperation and then breathes his last.
This is what the Buddha means by saying he dies in a state of bewilderment.
5. The fifth disadvantage befalling an immoral person needs no explanation.
The advantages that wait on a virtuous person may be known as the
opposite of the above five disadvantages befalling an immoral person.
The Buddha then went on late into the night instructing the lay devotees of
Pāṭali village on other topics including the happy consequences of their
donation of the guest-house, thereby pointing out the benefits of the doctrine,