40b: The Last Days 2, In Vajji – 1493
In this story the elder nun
Nāgā was unaffected by famine, thanks to her
fulfilment of the fraternal practice whereas Ven. Nāga was helped by the
guardian spirit on account of his morality.
Regarding the fifth factor of non-decline: “Morality that is unbroken, intact,
unchequered and unspotted,” is explained thus: For monastics, there are seven
groups of breaches of morality in brief outline. Of the list of precepts to be
observed, if the first precept or the last precept is broken, it is called “broken”
like in a piece of cloth whose edges are frayed; if the precepts in the middle are
broken, it is no more intact, just as in a piece of cloth that has holes in the
middle part; if two or three precepts in a series are broken, it is chequered, like a
cow whose skin is of different colours either on her back or underneath; if there
is a breach of precepts at alternate places, it is spotted, like a cow with spots.
Morality to be unbroken, intact, unchequered, and unspotted must be such that
no manner of breach of the above four ways occurs anywhere in the observance
of the monastic precepts.
Morality that is flawless in those above four ways is a sufficing condition for the
paths and fruitions. One who is endowed with it is free from the bonds of
craving and is therefore a truly happy person. Since it is very pure, it is extolled
by the Buddha and noble ones (
ariya
). Since that morality is not conceived as a
means of glorious future existences, such as a Deva of any specific name or
unspecified name, it is not a misconception due to craving for existence; or not
wrongly conceived as something permanent or eternal, a misconception due to
wrong view; it is said to be not subject to misconception. Further, since none of
the four deviations (
vipatti
) can be connected to this kind of morality, it is said
to be not subject to misconception. Since it provides sufficient precondition for
the attainment of access concentration (
upacāra-samādhi
) and absorption
concentration (
appanā-samādhi
), it is also called morality conducive to
concentration. Since the four purities in morality (
catu-pārisudhi-sīla
) of
worldlings cannot, in reality, be equal between one person and another, the fifth
factor here is meant as the morality of the path, the supermundane morality
which is the same for all noble ones (
ariya
). In the sixth factor also, right view
as the path factor is meant. These six factors of non-decline are taught by the
Buddha also as the six memorable (
sāraṇīya
) factors (
Saṅgīti-sutta
, DN 33,
Sāraṇīya-sutta
, AN 6.11-12).