40b: The Last Days 2, In Vajji – 1486
the facial expression itself is bodily action springing from loving-kindness.
Example of mental action in private; wishing Ven. Elder Deva or Tissa, to be
well and happy, etc., is mental action in private, due to loving-kindness.
Regarding the fourth factor of non-decline above: “To enjoy something alone,”
means either not sharing something as an article that is obtained, or not sharing
something with a certain person or persons. In the first case, the extent one is
prepared to share something is an instance of enjoying something alone in
respect of an article. In the second case, one has in mind: “I shall share it with
monastic so and so; but I shall not share it with monastic so and so,” this is an
instance of enjoying something alone in respect of person.
In this fourth factor, a monastic who regards any item received as an offering to
the Saṅgha as common property of all virtuous monastics co-resident with him,
considers thus: “This alms food is of great value morally; I shall not give it to
lay persons since that would amount to pursuing gain with gain. I shall not enjoy
it alone first. I shall offer it to the Saṅgha. If anything is left after all the Saṅgha
have partaken of it, I shall then eat it. For this food has been obtained with the
intention of becoming the common property of the Saṅgha.” Accordingly he
first announces the meal time for all the Saṅgha by the striking of the gong. This
noble practice under the Buddha’s teaching is called memorable practice.
Fraternal Living
The Noble Practice of Fraternal Living
What kind of monastic is competent or qualified to take up this fraternal
practice (
sāraṇīya
)? An immoral monastic is not in a position to take up
fraternal practice. Only a monastic endowed with morality can take up this
practice. The reason is that virtuous monastics cannot receive offerings from a
monastic of immoral conduct. They will always refuse it.
Only a monastic with impeccable morality is qualified to take up the fraternal
practice. Once taken up; the practice must be fulfilled without a break,
flawlessly. The details of the practice are given below.
Where a monastic gives discriminately the alms food to his mother, or father, or
preceptor, or any such person, he is sharing it with someone whom he is bound
to offer. But his sharing is not fraternal practice: it is merely removing an
impediment (
paḷibodha
), by fulfilling an obligation, as it is termed in the