40b: The Last Days 2, In Vajji – 1473
On the eve of the First Council, a lively discussion took place among the Saṅgha
whether minor offences should be dropped from the code of Vinaya because the
Buddha, when his passing away was near, gave this option to the Saṅgha after he
was gone. Ven. Kassapa, as head of the First Council, made a formal proposal at
the Saṅgha congregation to uphold all minor offences as prescribed by the
Buddha. This is a case of observing well the training rules prescribed by the
Buddha.
4. With reference to this factor of non-decline, elders would give spiritual
guidance only to those monastics who are courteous and reverential
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towards them and who approach them twice or thrice every day. To those who
willingly seek guidance by showing their admiration, the elders would impart
practical wisdom handed down from generations of teachers and essential points
in the doctrine that are fit to be taught only to sincere and devoted pupils. If the
monastics do not show due respect and regard to the elders, they will be
deprived of the five benefits such as morality, and the seven properties of the
noble ones (
ariya
), and so stand to have a great loss and decline.
Those monastics who are courteous and reverential towards the elders and
approach them twice or thrice every day, gain knowledge from them in many
ways. They get practical instructions in insight meditation, such as: “You should
go forward thus, being mindful and with clear comprehension, you should go
backward thus; you should look straight ahead thus; you should look sideways
thus; you should bend the arm thus; you should stretch out the folded arm thus;
you should carry the double robe and alms bowl thus, etc.”
The elders would impart to them practical wisdom, which was handed down
from generations of teachers, and the essential points in the doctrine, which
were worthy to only sincere and devoted pupils. They would teach them the
thirteen ascetic practices and warn them against the pitfalls in doctrinal
controversy by explaining to them the moot points contained in the ten Points of
Controversy (
Kathā-vatthu
). Thus, being established as good pupils of worthy
teachers, these monastics will gain the five benefits such as morality, fulfilling
the task of Awakening, the fruit of becoming a monastic.
5. As regards the fifth factor of non-decline, a monastic who goes about from
village to village, town to town, always at the heels of their supporters for the
sake of acquiring the four monastic requisites, is one who yields to the power of
craving. One who yields to craving is on the decline in the benefits of monastic