1456
40a: The Last Days 1, In Magadha
As we have said earlier on, the Buddha spent the first 20 Rains Retreats
(
Vassa
) at various places, and taught the noble doctrine that led to the
liberation of the multitudes and spent the latter 24 Rains Retreat in
Sāvatthī only. After the end of the Rains Retreat, he set out on journeys of
three kinds and tamed those worthy of taming. The number of discourses
and dialogues are as varied as they are wide so that they cannot be treated
fully within the confines of this work.
Just as a drop or two of sea water would suffice to understand that the sea
is salty, so also in this book, only a few examples from the discourses can
be given that should give the reader a fair idea of the richness of the
doctrine. Scholars, who wish to gain further knowledge from the Buddha’s
extensive teachings, are advised to read from the translations of the canon,
with the help of the commentaries and sub-commentaries. We shall
henceforth confine our narrative to the events and discourses that belong
to the period extending from around the 44
th
Rains Retreat onwards which
was the period close to his realization of Parinibbāna.
At one time, when the Buddha had completed his 44
th
Rains Retreat the Buddha
of illustrious attributes was staying at the mountain abode, up on Gijjakuṭa Hill,
near Rājagaha.
The place name Gijjakuṭa means Vulture Peak and was probably derived
from the shape of the peak, or from the fact that it was the roosting place
of vultures.
King Ajātasattu and the Vajjians
At that time, King Ajātasattu of Rājagaha was keen on invading Vesālī, the
country of the Licchavīs. “I will exterminate them however powerful and
mighty they may be, play havoc with them, cause their ruin,” he kept saying,
being a haughty monarch, as he was.
The reason for his deep-seated hatred of the Licchavīs could be traced to some
unhappy incidents: Rājagaha and Vesālī were two flourishing cities on either
side of the river Ganges which flowed east, with Rājagaha on the southern side
and Vesālī on the northern side. There was a caravan station known as
Paṭṭanagāma, the present-day Patna, which was around that place. With
Paṭṭanagāma in the middle, the region extending about half a league came under